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Nuclear Power

Nuclear Power . Locations of Nuclear Power plants in the US. Locations of Nuclear Power plants in the World. Do Nuclear Power plants Pollute?. No they don’t. This is Steam being released. . Nuclear Power Plant Operation. Uranium ore. Nuclear Reactor Fuel. Uranium ore is refined then

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Nuclear Power

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  1. Nuclear Power

  2. Locations of Nuclear Power plants in the US.

  3. Locations of Nuclear Power plants in the World

  4. Do Nuclear Power plants Pollute?

  5. No they don’t. This is Steam being released.

  6. Nuclear Power Plant Operation

  7. Uranium ore

  8. Nuclear Reactor Fuel Uranium ore is refined then formed into pellets.

  9. Nuclear Reactor Fuel These Pellets are then put into Fuel rods which are Assembled Into packs of Fuel Rod Assemblies

  10. Nuclear Reaction

  11. This cannot Happen

  12. Parts Of an Atom • Protons • Neutrons • electrons

  13. Protons Protons have a positive charge and are located in the nucleus of the atom.

  14. Neutrons Neutrons are located in the nucleus and have no charge

  15. Electrons • Electron are found on • The outside of the atom. • An electrically balanced • atom will have the same • number of electrons • and protons

  16. What is Nuclear Decay? Nuclear decay is when the nucleus goes through a splitting process called nuclear Fission resulting in a different element(s) along with other products including ionizing radiation.

  17. Ionizing Radiation • Ionizing radiation is produced by unstable atoms. Unstable atoms differ from stable atoms because they have an excess of energy or mass or both. • Unstable atoms are said to be radioactive. In order to reach stability, these atoms give off, or emit, the excess energy or mass. These emissions are called radiation.

  18. 4 types of ionizing Radiation • Alpha  Helium Nucleus • Beta  Electron • Gamma  EM Radiation • Neutrons N0 These are other products that can be produced along with the new element

  19. Ionizing Radiation alpha particle beta particle Radioactive Atom Neutron X-ray gamma ray

  20. Alpha radiation  • Nucleus of a helium atom • Symbolically represented:  • Chemically written: 4He2 • Least Destructive Radiation • Can be stopped by a sheet of thick paper

  21. Alpha Particles Alpha Particles: 2 neutrons and 2 protons They travel short distances, have large mass Only a hazard when inhaled

  22. Beta radiation  • Electron • Symbolically represented:  • Chemically written: e- • More Destructive than Alpha Radiation

  23. Beta Particles Beta Particles: Electrons or positrons having small mass and variable energy. Electrons form when a neutron transforms into a proton and an electron or:

  24. Gamma radiation  • High energy Electro-Magnetic Radiation • Symbolically represented:  • Most Destructive Radiation • Very difficult to stop

  25. Gamma Rays Gamma Rays (or photons): Result when the nucleus releases Energy, usually after an alpha, beta or positron transition

  26. Neutron Radiation • High energy radiation • Symbolically written as n • Chemically written n0 • Is a result of fission and/or fusion • Often produced in particle accelerators • New Evidence suggests that Neutrinos (neutron radiation) can travel faster than light

  27. Nuclear Half-Life Equation • Ni* (1/2)nt1/2 = Nf • Ni – Initial amount of radioactive material • nt1/2 -# of half-lives • Nf– Final amount of radioactive material To get nt1/2, you must divide time given in problem by the half-life.

  28. Nuclear halflife examples • Polonium210 • Half Life: 138 days • Alpha decay  • Strontium90 • Half Life: 28.5 years • Beta decay  • Cobalt60 • Half Life: 5.27 years • Gamma decay 

  29. Alpha Decay  Example • Polonium210 • Half Life: 138 days • Alpha decay  If you have 48kg of Polonium 210, How much will be left after 138 days? Ans: 24 kg How much will be left after 276 days? (2 half lives) Ans: 12 kg How much will be left after 414 days? (3 half lives) Ans: 6 kg

  30. Beta Decay  Example • Strontium90 • Half Life: 28.5 years • Beta decay  If you have 30kg of Strontium 90, How much will be left after 28.5 years? Ans: 15 kg How much will be left after 57 years? (2 half lives) Ans: 7.5 kg How much will be left after 85.5 years? (3 half lives) Ans: 3.75 kg

  31. Gamma Decay  Example • Cobalt60 • Half Life: 5.27 years • Gamma decay  If you have 1 kg of Cobolt 60, How much will be left after 5.27 years? Ans: 0.5 kg How much will be left after 10.54 years? (2 half lives) Ans: 0.25 kg How much will be left after 15.81 years? (3 half lives) Ans: 0.125 kg

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