What Are We Doing With Our Biosolids: Is it Sustainable?

1. What Are We Doing With Our Biosolids:Is it Sustainable? Presented by: Natalie Sierra, SFPUC Bob Gillette, Carollo Engineers June 2, 2008 BACWA Biosolids Workshop

2. Overview • Summary of Practices • Threats to ADC • Threats to Land Application • Regional Challenges • Statewide Trends • National Trends

3. Other Disposal Pellets Long-Term Treatment 0.9% 0.7% Unspecified 0.5% 1.2% Long-Term Storage 1.3% Alkaline Treatment 3.8% Compost 16.3% Land Application Incineration 50.5% 2.5% Landfill ADC 15.4% Landfill Disposal Surface Disposal 4.5% Landfill-Unspecified Use 1.9% 0.4% Biosolids Management and Capacities - California

4. Compost/Pellets 0.2% Land Application Incineration 14.7% 14.2% Surface Disposal 1.6% Landfill Disposal 2.8% Landfill ADC 66.5% Biosolids Management and Capacities - BACWA

5. Threats to ADC/Beneficial Reuse

6. ADC/Landfill Beneficial Reuse: General Trends • Increasing urbanization – property closer to landfills • Increasing public opposition to landfill expansion • Increasing public opposition to use of biosolids as ADC • Concern over VOC emissions from landfills • Concern over use of compostable material in landfills

7. Regulations - ADC • AB 2640(Huffman): No compostable organic waste as ADC, increase in fees for landfill disposal/reuse • SJVAPCD 4565: Air board restrictions eliminate the use of cake biosolids as ADC • Alameda County: Potential to add surcharge fees for biosolids use as landfill ADC and eliminate credit as an organic waste diversion

8. Result of Pressure on ADC • 2004 Survey of Landfills: • 31 Sites permitted by IWMB to receive biosolids (200 mile radius from SF) • Only18 landfillsactually accept biosolids • 9 of these landfills accept in-county material only • 4 of these landfills are disposal only • Only 5 sites will accept biosolids for reuse!!!!!

9. 2004 Landfill Survey, Cont. • Of landfills willing to state capacity, approx. 720 wet tons/day during wet weather and 1250 wet tons/day during dry weather • BACWA agencies produce ~2,000 wet tons/day!

10. Threats to Land Application

11. Land Application – General Trends • Increasing urbanization coupled with increasing public opposition • Questions about pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in biosolids • County Ordinances that restrict biosolids land application • Kern County • Imperial County • Solano County

12. NEVADA AZ MEXICO Biosolids Land Application in California DEL NORTE DEL NORTE SISKIYOU MODOC SHASTA LASSEN HUMBOLDT TRINITY HUMBOLDT TEHAMA PLUMAS GLENN BUTTE SIERRA COLUSA MENDOCINO NEVADA YUBA Status of County Ordinances MENDOCINO PLACER LAKE SUTTER EL DORADO SONOMA YOLO NAPA AMADOR ALPINE SACRAMENTO SOLANO CALAVERAS MARIN CONTRACOSTA SAN JOAQUIN TUOLUMNE MONO SAN FRANCISCO STANISLAUS MARIPOSA ALAMEDA Ban on All Land Application SAN MATEO SANTA CLARA MERCED MADERA SANTA CRUZ FRESNO INYO Practical Ban SAN BENITO TULARE MONTEREY Ban on Class B KINGS SAN LUIS OBISPO KERN Class B Land Application Allowed SAN BERNARDINO SANTA BARBARA VENTURA Developing Ordinances LOS ANGELES RIVERSIDE No Regulations/Ordinances Enacted ORANGE SAN DIEGO IMPERIAL