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Introduction

University of South Asia Md. Shihab Uddin ID No: 11031004 Subject code: Eng435 Presentation topic: Introduction of Computer. Introduction.

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Introduction

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  1. University of South AsiaMd. Shihab UddinID No: 11031004Subject code: Eng435Presentation topic: Introduction of Computer

  2. Introduction Computer is machines that perform tasks or calculations according to a set of instructions, or programs. The first fully electronic computers, introduced in the 1940s were huge machines that required teams of people to operate. Compared to those early machines, today's computers are amazing. Not only are they thousands of times faster, they can fit on our desk, in our lap, or even in our pocket.

  3. Character of Computer Speedy: Computer can work very high speed. Accuracy : Computer work very accuracy. Ability of Preservation: Restless: Automatic: Ability of different work:

  4. Use of Computer Computer can do different type of work: Typing and we can print it . We can do difficult calculation very easily by Computer. We can draw picture and design easily by Computer and we can use there many colure. Watching TV and Cinema. Using internet we can get different type of data.

  5. Use of Computer Computer can different type of work: We can send email and Mutual giving and receiving data. Now computer are using Office and Bank. We can play funny game by computer. We can study by use it. Listening music. Saving name, address, telephone number etc.

  6. Usage and nature basis computers types and classification According to work and nature computer are three types. Like as: 1. Analog Computer. 2. Digital Computer. 3. Hybrid Computer.

  7. Analog Computer. In general, analog computer are extraordinarily fast, since they can solve most complex equations at the rate at which a signal traverses the circuit, which is generally an appreciable fraction of the speed of light

  8. Digital Computer Digital Computer can be built to take the solution of equations to almost unlimited precision, but quite slowly compared to analog computers.

  9. Hybrid Computer Hybrid computers are computers that exhibit features of analog computers anddigitalcomputers. The digital component normally serves as the controller and provides logical operations, while the analog component normally serves as a solver of differential equations.

  10. Again, size and basis of power computer are four types They are:- 1. Super Computer. 2. Main Frame Computer. 3. Mini Computer. 4. Micro Computer or Personal Computer.

  11. Super Computer • The most powerful computers made • Handle large and complex calculations • Process trillions of operations per second • Found in research organizations • CRAY-1,CYBER-205

  12. Main Frame Computer -Used in large organizations -Handle thousands of users -Users access through a terminal

  13. Mini Computer The term evolved in the 1960s to describe the "small" third generation computers that became possible with the use of integrated circuit and core memory technologies. Ex: UNIVAC 1100/01, IBM4341 History 1960s: Origin; 1970s: Market entrenchment Mid-1980s, 1990s: The minis give way to the micros The minicomputer's industrial impact and heritage

  14. Micro Computer or Personal Computer A microcomputer is a computer with a microprocessor as its central processing unit. They are physically small compared to mainframe and minicomputers. Many microcomputers (when equipped with a keyboard and screen for input and output) are also personal computers (in the generic sense).. ...

  15. Beyond description of Micro Computer Micro Computer is high usage computer. One person use one computer for this its called personal computer or PC. Every sector people receive it very speedy. Its price is very less compare by other computer. Business, entertainment overall every sector it is used. IBM PC, APPLE, Macintosh etc are example of Micro computer.

  16. Classification of Micro Computer According to use of Micro Computer it is divided three part: 1. Desk Top Computer. 2. Lap Top Computer. 3. Note Book Computer.

  17. Desk Top Computer Which Computer we can use put on the Desk or Table That’s computer called Desk Top Computer.

  18. Lap Top Computer Which Computer we can use put on the Lap that’s computer called Lap Top Computer.

  19. Note Book Computer That’s computer size like as Small Note Book Which we can use put on the palm and we can put it in our pocket.

  20. Classification different part of Computer 1. Input Device 2. Central Processing Unit 3.Memory. 4. Output Device

  21. Input Device Within input device there have- 1. Key board 2. Mouse 3. Scanner 4. Webcam 52

  22. Key board The most commonly used input device is the keyboard on which data is entered by manually keying in or typing certain keys. A keyboard typically has 101 or 105 keys.

  23. Mouse Is a pointing device which is used to control the movement of a mouse pointer on the screen to make selections from the screen. A mouse has one to five buttons. There are two types of mouse- 1. Optical mouse 2. Mechanical Mouse

  24. Scanner In published word it is very important. By it camera’s photos, line, write etc we can see Exact picture with computer and we can also edit them.

  25. Output Device Output devices are- 1. Monitor 2. Printer 3. Speaker

  26. Monitor Monitor are two types. They are: 1. CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) Monitor 2. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Monitors

  27. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Monitor • Most common type of monitor • A CRT monitor is a desktop monitor that contains a cathode-ray tube • Electrons fired from the back

  28. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Monitors • Commonly found on laptops • Desktop versions exist • Solve the problems of CRT • Fluorescent lights provide illumination • Produce sharp, flicker-free images • Have a small footprint

  29. Printer Printer are three types. They are- 1. Dot matrix printers 2. INK jet printers 3. Laser printers

  30. Dot matrix printers Dot matrix printers work like a typewriter transferring ink from a ribbon to paper with a series or 'matrix' of tiny pins.

  31. INK jet printers Ink jet printers work like dot matrix printers but fires a stream of ink from a cartridge directly onto the paper.

  32. Laser printers Laser printers use the same technology as a photocopier using heat to transfer toner into paper.

  33. Central Processing Unit Inside parts of CPU They are- 1. Mother board 2. Various types of card 3. Hard Disk 4. Floppy Disk 5. C.D. Drive 6. Connector 7. Power Supplier

  34. Name of parts which connected with Motherboard 1. Processor 2. Math Co-Processor 3. RAM 4. ROM 5. Rechargeable Battery 6. Expansive Slot 7. Key-Board Connector

  35. Memory of Computer 1. Main MEMORY 2. Auxiliary memory

  36. Main MEMORY Main memory are two types. They are: 1. RAM (Random Access Memory) 2. ROM( Read Only Memory)

  37. Random Access Memory(RAM) Random Access Memory or RAM is the memory that the computer uses to temporarily store the information as it is being processed. The more information being processed the more RAM the computer needs.

  38. Read Only Memory (ROM ) Permanent memory of computer is called Rom. Permanent storage of programs Holds the computer boot directions

  39. Auxiliary Memory Computer’s Processing data which memory contains permanently that’s memory called Auxiliary Memory. Auxiliary Memory are: 1. Floppy Disk, 2. Hard Disk, 3. Compact Disk, 4. Pen Drive etc.

  40. Floppy Disk The floppy diskette is a removable storage device that is used by the Floppy Diskette Drive (also known as the A: drive or FDD).   This storage device is capable of holding 1,440,000 bytes (1.44MB) of data. The Floppy Diskette is inserted and removed from a slotted opening on the front of the computer case.

  41. Hard Disk This is the internal magnetic storage device housed inside the computer case.  These come in a variety of sizes, measured in how many bits of information they can contain.  A bit of information equals either zero (0) or one (1).

  42. Compact Disk (CD) Computer’s data for preserve without “Hard Disk and Floppy Disk” also use Compact Disk (CD). Its capacity very large than Floppy Disk.

  43. Pen Drive A USB flash drive consists of a flash memory data storage device integrated with a USB (Universal Serial Bus) 1.1 or 2.0 interface. Recently Pen drive is most used for data preserve.

  44. Network and communication A network is nothing more than two or more computers connected together so that they can exchange information.

  45. Types of Network Local Area Network (LAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Wide Area Network (WAN)

  46. Local Area Network (LAN) When computers located within a small geographical area such as office or a University Campus are connected together we call it a Local Area Network.

  47. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) The geographical range of MAN is bigger than LAN. It covers a small city.

  48. Wide Area Network (WAN) Wide area network span broad geographical distances, ranging from several miles to across entire continents. Wan may consist of a combination of switched and dedicated Lines, microwaves, and satellite communication.

  49. Network Topology gf

  50. Bus topology • Also called linear bus • One wire connects all nodes • Terminator ends the wires • Advantages • Easy to setup • Small amount of wire • Disadvantages • Slow • Easy to crash

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