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Scientific Inquiry (Key terms we should know)

Scientific Inquiry (Key terms we should know). Observations versus Inference Observation: the act of noticing using our FIVE senses Inference: to guess by reasoning (based on our observations). Types of Scientific Inquiry. Observational Studies Correlational Studies

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Scientific Inquiry (Key terms we should know)

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  1. Scientific Inquiry(Key terms we should know)

  2. Observations versus Inference • Observation: the act of noticing using our FIVE senses • Inference: to guess by reasoning (based on our observations)

  3. Types of Scientific Inquiry Observational Studies Correlational Studies Controlled Experiments

  4. Observational Study • To study and observe an object or phenomenon in its natural environment. • You simply observe and do not control/manipulate any variables. • Example: Derrick wants to learn more about the behavioural patterns of seahorses.

  5. Correlational Studies • A relationship between two variables. • Positive Correlation: an increase in one variable relates to an increase in other variable • Example: When I study, I do better on tests  • When I practice dance, I get better  • Negative Correlation: an increase in one variable causes a decrease in another • Example: The more Susan smokes, the less physical fit she becomes  • The more time I spend on facebook, the lower my grades 

  6. Controlled Experiment • You are in control of the experiment • Variable: any condition that can change in an investigation/experiment (factor) • Independent Variable: The variable that “you” change during the investigation/experiment • Dependent Variable: The variable that changes as a response to the independent variable (it depends on what you changed earlier) • Controlled variables: The other variables that are kept constant, and stay the same throughout the experiment

  7. Example: Natalie and Kaylin want to know which straightener works better. • Independent Variable: The brand/type of straightener • Dependent variable: How straight their hair was after using the straightener • Controlled variables: shampoo, hairspray, brush and technique used ALL stayed the same

  8. Another example: Riley and Aidan want to determine which soccer ball they can kick the farthest • Independent variable: type of ball • Dependent variable: how far they can kick the ball • Controlled variables: boots/soccer cleats, amount of air in the ball, time of day, wind conditions.

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