Karl Otto Executive: Centre for Sea Watch & Response 20 April 2012

1. Inter-agency maritime information sharing and co-ordination "Experience, challenges, benefits, lessons learned and with regard to interagency maritime security information sharing and coordination architecture" Karl Otto Executive: Centre for Sea Watch & Response 20 April 2012

2. Content • South Africa - update • Regional Co-Ordination - SAR • Regional Update • Western Indian Ocean Marine Highway Project • Africa - update • Surveillance Technologies • Summary • Conclusion

3. SA infrastructure – current / possibilities Safe ships , clean seas The

4. South Africa – update, sharing • Vessel Reports: • Pre-Arrival Information – 35 requests daily • Ship static data, previous 10 ports, basic cargo info, crew info, security info, • SAFREP reports – 90 reports daily, voluntarily • Ship’s pos’n, course & speed, destination, weather PRE-ARRIVAL NOTIFICATION SAFREP

5. AIS satellite coverage – Southern Africa waters & Oceans

6. Satellite AIS – Africa East region 09April - 917 vessels in view • AIS info – each vessel: • Vessel’s ID – name, IMO number, Call Sign, MMSI, type, size & tonnage • Vessel’s position, course and speed, next & last port, ETA, cargo, flag

7. Satellite AIS – Indian Ocean region – 09April – 1,920 vessels in view • MRCCs + ISCs: • Share vessel info • Share surface picture • Vessel traffic data • Receive & share small vessel data • Data shared with naval + co-ord forces

8. Satellite AIS – Africa region 10Apr – 9890 vessels

9. Regional – Maritime Rescue Co-Ordination Centres for Search And Rescue (SAR)

10. CSWR – Ops Centre • SOLAS + MARPOL • 24 / 7/ 365 Operation • Co-Ordination • Communications • Response • MRCCs in all coastal states

11. International Incidents Bulker OLIVA – 16 Mar’11 f/v LAI CHING – 29 Apr’11 f/v HSIANG MAN CHING s/v WIZARD – 03Nov’11 SA assists UK request SA assists Madagascar SA assists Taiwan request

12. Taiwanese f/v LAI CHING suffered refrigeration explosion 28Apr2011; sister vessel HSIANG MAN CHING heads toward CT with fishers – 03May’11. SAN frigate, helicopter, medics despatched

13. Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel – (PCASP) Cargo vessel KEITUM – 18 Apr12 Destination Mombasa – with armed guards aboard

14. Western Indian Ocean Marine Highway Project Project description: “The project’s development objective is to increase the safety and efficiency of navigation. This will be achieved by establishing a demonstration marine highway to guide ships around environmentally sensitive areas and through selected busy sea lanes, and by supporting widening the regional agreement on port state control and implementation of its provisions”

15. WIOMH Project Regional Co-Ordination RSA, MOZ, TAN, KEN, SEY, COM, MAD, MAU & FR la REU

16. Western Indian Ocean Marine Highway Project • Hydrography & Aids to Navigation - SAMSA: • Survey of the recommended route – Mozambique channel – submission sent to IMO for Sub-Comm. on Safety of Nav. to consider this July • Dredge surveys for Maputo & Dar esSalaam • Installation of AIS base stations and mobile stations • Environment protection - IOC: • Sensitivity atlas completed . Oil spill equipment provided. • Preparation of oil spill & HNS spill contingency plans • Training – Sustainability: • Training of Port State Control Officers; Aids to Nav. and Introduction to Hydrography & Cartography • Training of spill responders, levels 1, 2 & 3. Train-the-Trainers course – • to ensure continued competence • SAMSA the designate host to establish a RCC for Marine Pollution • IMP-MED requested SAMSA to advise on WIOMH Project model for • the Marine Highway project for the S. Mediterranean shipping route

17. Western Indian Ocean Marine Highway • ‘Recommended Route’ • Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique & South Africa: • All countries agreed on the route and supported its formal submission to the IMO – SA has done this • Route submission lodged with IMO – to be proposed at IMO Sub-Comm. Safety of Navigation 02-06 July • Route will assist with safety of navigation through enhanced aids to navigation, AIS tracking, MRCCs involved in monitoring vessel traffic, radio comms • Provides to navies the track vessels’ will use – to enhance the escort capability & smaller areas to monitor

18. WIOMH Project Satellite Radar images: (test areas)

19. WIOMH Project Oil spill detection & follow-up: (SAMSA) Inspections - Richards Bay – 1&9Dec Both vessels underwent PSC, checked IOMOU info – all OK Deck/Eng Log books, OWS & ORB, o’boarddisch v/v examined Vessels found to be well-run Inconclusive result Need oil sample water/ship –to compare

20. Africa - update Long Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT) • LRIT vessel tracking - up to 1000 miles from coastline • SA is compliant with IMO - SOLAS Chapter V, Safety of Navigation, Regulation 19-1 • SA LRIT National Data Centre (NDC) is fully operational • IMO & SA has invited AU Members to LRIT Workshop planned for 24-25 April in Cape Town • SA has extended an invitation to other African Member States to form the Africa Co-Operative DC • Kenya, Mozambique, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia have expressed interest in the Africa CDC – more expected • Ghana finalising tests, The Gambia next to test • Note: This will enhance maritime domain awareness

21. LRIT: Southern Africa – 20 Mar 2012

22. LRIT: Southern Africa – 21Feb - 20 Mar 2012

23. LRIT – 13 Nov - Flag view – 6 hr’ly

24. Regional Update • SADC – sharing of capability for vessel detection and tracking (radar & AIS) • Djibouti Code of Conduct • Repression of piracy & armed robbery against ships (based upon ReCAAP ISC) • Info Sharing Centres (ISC) – Dar es Salaam, Mombasa & Sana’a – set-up and functioning – share info with IMO, IMB, UKMTO, etc • Training being co-ordinated by the IMO • Vessel Management System (VMS): Fisheries – monitoring, control & surveillance project • Namibia, South Africa, Mozambique and Tanzania share access to VMS data, patrols

25. Extended Continental Shelf Claims

26. Technologies available +++ • Electro-optical / infrared sensors • Multi-mode radar – synthetic aperture radar • AIS – land-based and satellite • GPS – essential for timing & positioning • Airborne - tethered aerostats, UAVs, Aircraft – manned – fixed wing, helicopters • Space - satellite-based sensors – imagery for vessels, oil pollution (deliberate/accidental), bathymetric (space charts), weather, waves, currents, communications, etc • Fusion of data – overlays, interpretation, processing, etc

27. Info displays, Today ... moving to Tomorrow

28. Aerial Surveillance Multi-sensors Sea Watch System sensors

29. Commercial Satellite Imagery Spatial resolution: Different sensors = diff resolution Sensor: Quickbird 0.6m Sensor: SPOT 4 10m

30. ARE WE PREPARED ???

31. Indian Ocean Naval Symposium 11-13April - feedback

32. Indian Ocean Naval Symposium 11-13April - feedback • Chiefs of Navies, Admirals of 32 countries attended: • Very concerned about piracy in the Region • Agreed that information-sharing, co-operation and collaboration crucial for maritime domain awareness • Civilian and Defence entities must share valuable information, offshore and along coast (e.g. small vessel movements) • Shared technology platforms – access/integrate data • Legislative changes needed to address security issues • Collective agreement to ‘work together’ • Information Sharing Centres (ISC) and Regional Coordination Centres (RCC) are important players

33. Challenges, Experiences, Lessons learned • General comments regarding Sharing information: • Poor co-operation between national stakeholders, cannot expect good regional co-operation • Often difficult to obtain proper information/reports from Points of Contact – results in project delays, misalignment, non-delivery, wasted effort/resources • Defence & Civilian stakeholders often do not share – ‘confidential’ & ‘rules do not allow’ … • Technology platforms & databases can facilitate data sharing without infringing security requirements • Political Will often within projects yields good results • Capacity, Training and Sustainability – is CRUCIAL

34. Summary • Immediate access to accurate, reliable, dynamic data for integration into Maritime Information Services • Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) – single-window concept – access to ALL navigation & vessel data and information • Sharing of data within an agreed framework – nationally, regionally & continentally, incl. patrols (air/sea) • Capacity to detect, monitor & track all vessels regardless of size and type is crucial • Co-Ordinated Response to ‘suspicious behaviour’ of vessels within Territorial, EEZ, Regional & IOR

35. Conclusion • Collaborationneeded between ALL stakeholders - Teamwork • Awareness needed of all available technologies available to function more effectively & efficiently • Co-ordinated approach to problem-solving, sharing resources – to create synergies, incl. both Defence & Civilian entities • Improve on surveillance systems to provide comprehensive maritime security and environmental monitoring • Public Private Partnership is needed to address challenges in enhancing maritime domain awareness • The integrated utilisation of appropriate technologies with response assets will secure the region • Funds are limited – we must Co-operate, share, integrate, ‘change the way we do business’ • We need to work TOGETHER & SMARTER with what we have

36. Thank You !!!Karl Otto SAMSA