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CHAPTER 14

CHAPTER 14. WESTERN EUROPE. Physical Geography. Mountains on the S and N edges with rolling plains in between Northern - worn down into relatively low hills (like the Appalachian Mts.) Southern Mts. Higher and older (border between Med. Sea and northern Europe). Physical.

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CHAPTER 14

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  1. CHAPTER 14 WESTERN EUROPE

  2. Physical Geography • Mountains on the S and N edges with rolling plains in between • Northern - worn down into relatively low hills (like the Appalachian Mts.) • Southern Mts. Higher and older (border between Med. Sea and northern Europe)

  3. Physical • Alps - in Switzerland, Austria, France and Italy (summit - Mont Blac - France) • Alps - formed by glaciers, tunnels have improved transportation • Volcanoes in Italy - reshaping from tectonic movement • Many rivers are important for commerce • Po (Italy) and Rhone (France) - empty into the Mediterranean Sea

  4. Landscape • Northern European Plain - flat and fertile (Germany, France and Eastern Europe) • Flat Scandinavian Peninsula (poor land) • --glaciers created a number of lakes in Scandinavia • CLIMATE • Sea has a large impact on climate • North Atlantic Drift - current carries warm tropical water out of the Caribbean toward the coast of Europe • Prevailing Westerlies - constant flow of air from the west to the east in the temperate zones

  5. Climate cont. • Marine West Coast Climate - warm moist climate of Western Europe • Mediterranean Climate - mountains block the Atlantic winds along the land by the Mediterranean • Mediterranean - summer is hot and dray and winter has rain from the winds off of the sea (like S. Cal.) • Scandinavian peninsula - Mts. Block moisture • Dry, cold sub artic climate in the north • Vegetation - Med. Broadleaf and mixed • Marine West Coast - Deciduous

  6. Human Geography • 1/2 the size of the U.S. / 400 million - pop. • 3 times as dense as the U.S. • Netherlands - 1200 people per square mile • Most Dense Areas • 1. Central England • 2. N. Europe Plain - E. Europe • 3. South along the Rhine SE France and Italy • 2/3 live in 4 nations: U.K. , France, Germany, Italy • Coal fields across Europe - important to the start of the industrial revolution • Cities like Hamburg and Manchester grew

  7. Human Geography - cont. • Fertile land around Rhine • Scandinavia and Ireland use land for grazing • Post WWII - Europe was divided • 1. Soviet Bloc - (Eastern Europe) • 2. Democratic Block (Western Europe) • Since 1990 unification is stronger • Why? Fall of soviet union and communism • 1991 EC - European community formed to help Western Europe grow economically • 2001 the Euro became the official currency

  8. Human Geography • Multilingual region • Western languages evolved from 2 sources: • 1. Latin - Romans (Romance languages) - Portuguese, Spanish, French and Italian • 2. Germanic languages • - Swedish and Danish • Three Christian Faiths dominate religion, however there is a growing Muslim population and Jewish minority: • 1. Roman Catholic - Ireland, France and Italy • 2. Protestant - U.K. and Germany • 3. Eastern Orthodox - Greece and Eastern Europe • War of Religion in Ireland - Protestants (N. Ireland (U.K.)) and Catholic (Ireland)

  9. End of Human Geography • NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization • - set up in 1949 to protect against the Soviet Union • Common Market - no taxes on goods

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