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R. Evans, P. J. Minnett, O. B. Brown, & E. J. Kearns, Kay Kilpatrick

Sea surface temperature measured by the MOD erate resolution I maging S pectroradiometer (MODIS) [IR] +AMSR [Microwave]. R. Evans, P. J. Minnett, O. B. Brown, & E. J. Kearns, Kay Kilpatrick Meteorology and Physical Oceanography Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science

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R. Evans, P. J. Minnett, O. B. Brown, & E. J. Kearns, Kay Kilpatrick

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  1. Sea surface temperature measured by the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) [IR]+AMSR [Microwave] R. Evans, P. J. Minnett, O. B. Brown, & E. J. Kearns, Kay Kilpatrick Meteorology and Physical Oceanography Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami HYCOM Meeting August, 2003

  2. Overview • MODIS Product Description • MODIS SST product validation status • Field validation (mid- and far-wave) for both AQUA (1330) and TERRA (1030) • Combined global 0.25O spatial resolution [MODIS TERRA, AQUA] and [MODIS TERRA, AQUA, AMSR, TMI] SST products as prototype Global High Resolution SST (GHRSST)

  3. SST Field Characteristics-MODIS Sea surface temperature are available at a variety of processing levels: • Level 2 swath data • At 1-km spatial resolution (approximately 2000 x 2000km) • 5 minute granule time resolution • Level 3 global binned or mapped data • spatial resolutions of 4.63km, 36km, or 1 degree (binned) • Time resolutions of one day, 8 days, a month or a year. • The binned data products use an integerized sinusoidal equal area grid (ISEAG). The mapped products use a Cylindrical Equidistant Projection. • Level 3 fields mapped from consecutive orbits, time progresses smoothly from east to west for both day and night fields, night offset by 12 hours from day. • Two MODIS SSTs are available using the 4um (night) and 10-12 um (day and night) spectral windows. • SST fields available 24-72 hours after acquisition.

  4. In Situ Validation Data • TERRA and AQUA SST and SST4 products show similar behavior with respect to in situ retrievals to date Right - Explorer cruise tracks that provide bias reference using M-AERI observations Lower Left - Drifting buoys, used to compute SST equation retrieval coefficients Lower Right - Global M-AERI cruise tracks, final validation suite Drifting Buoys

  5. MODIS SST Buoy and M-AERI retrieval StatisticsVersion 4.5 (new delivery)median = satellite - reference [MAERI or BUOY]BUOY M-AERI • SST - new coefficients • Median StdDev Number • of Points • Terra all 0.10 0.40 439 • Terra night 0.04 0.35 235 • Terra day 0.16 0.42 204 • Aqua all 0.06 0.40 105 • Aqua night 0.02 0.37 59 • Aqua day 0.11 0.45 46 • SST4 new coeffs, new formulation • Terra night 0.02 0.34 278 • Aqua night -0.01 0.31 52 • SST - new coefficients Median StdDev Number of Points • Terra all -0.07 0.48 11027 • Terra night 0.01 0.42 4387 • Terra day -0.14 0.51 6643 • Aqua all -0.05 0.48 3821 • Aqua night -0.10 0.43 1628 • Aqua day -0.01 0.51 2203 • SST4 new coeffs, new formulation • Terra night -0.05 0.41 4096 • Aqua night -0.10 0.39 1319 SST pixel-pixel sst noise < 0.03K SST detector-detector noise ~ 0.06K

  6. TERRA MODIS SST ValidationBoth SST and SST4 products show no trends with time (Jan 01-Sept 02), temperature, satellite zenith angle (not shown) or latitude vsdrifting buoys. Dotted lines are ± 0.2K and enclose 50% of the retrievals Thermal, 10-11 m SST SST residual vs time by latband Mid-wave, 4 m SST SST4 residual vs time by latband

  7. AQUA MODIS SST ValidationBoth SST and SST4 products show no trends with time (Jul 02-Sept 02), temperature, satellite zenith angle (not shown) or latitude vsdrifting buoys. Dotted lines are ± 0.2K and enclose 50% of the retrievals Thermal, 10-11 m SST SST residual vs time by latband Mid-wave, 4 m SST SST4 residual vs time by latband

  8. TERRA/AQUA Global DAY SST - Sept 29, 2002 Aqua-day TERRA-day AQUA-day

  9. AQUA, TERRA combined orbits nearly eliminate swath gapsComposite AQUA, TERRA SST Night Sept 29, 2002

  10. Nearly Complete Single Day Global CoverageComposite Night (MODIS-T, MODIS-A) Day, Night - (AMSR, TMI) Prototype Sept 29, 2002, 0.25O spatial resolution Kyle

  11. Ongoing Activities • Combined AQUA, TERRA and AMSR SST products currently produced by selecting for warmest pixel. • Future combined product should be produced by assimilating the separate 4km MODIS and 25 km AMSR products. • SST fields will improve in the future as better calibration, cloud identification, aerosol correction… is implemented. • Product delivery time constrained by availability of L1b fields from NASA. Potential improvements could be realized by accessing the L1 data through the NOAA real-time tap or otherwise will wait until implementation of the NPEOSS system. • Work with GODAE Global High Resolution SST working group to better define estimation of diurnal thermocline leading to a proper merger of AQUA and TERRA day and night SST fields

  12. End of Presentation

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