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U.S. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response: Planning and Activities

U.S. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response: Planning and Activities. “The pandemic influenza clock is ticking. We just don’t know what time it is.” “This is the one health threat we’re preparing for that we know will happen”. H5N1 Avian Influenza.

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U.S. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response: Planning and Activities

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  1. U.S. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response: Planning and Activities “The pandemic influenza clock is ticking. We just don’t know what time it is.” “This is the one health threat we’re preparing for that we know will happen”

  2. H5N1 Avian Influenza • Infection in domestic poultry in 9 Asian countries • 14 documented human cases and 11 deaths • No documented person-to-person transmission • Some ongoing circulation of H3N2 influenza • Control measures and ongoing activities • Culling infected flocks • Case investigations • Enhanced surveillance • Vaccine development

  3. Goals of Pandemic Influenza Response • Decrease the burden of disease • Minimize social disruption • Reduce economic impacts

  4. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Vaccine issues Research Antiviral supply & use Preparedness & response plan Infect. control State planning Intl. coord.

  5. Interventions to decrease transmission Provide quality medical care Infection control in medical & long term care settings Maintain essential community services/emergency response activities Antiviral treatment & prophylaxis Pandemic Response Components Pandemic influenza disease Impact Vaccination Time

  6. Recent Developments Affecting Pandemic Influenza Planning • Increased focus on influenza & other threats • Avian influenza outbreaks (1997, 1999, 2003, 2004) • Global spread of SARS • Improved infrastructures and technologies • Improved vaccine development technologies • New antiviral medications • New communications systems • Experience from 2003-04 influenza season • Other emergency preparedness activities

  7. The U.S. Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Plan • Core Plan • Describes National coordination and decision-making • Provides an overview of key preparedness issues • Outlines response actions at national, state, & local levels • Guides (2) • Guidance for State/local Health Departments planning • Guidance for health care system planning • Annexes (10) • More detailed and technical information on key preparedness and response issues

  8. Vaccine and Vaccination Preparedness Goals • Assure surge production capacity • Shorten timelines to availability • Ensure effective distribution & administration to achieve pandemic response goals

  9. Improving Vaccine Preparedness • Assure year-round egg supply • Increase U.S. manufacturing capacity • Develop and test vaccine pilot lots for strains with pandemic potential • Conduct research to improve ability to rapidly develop reference strains that grow well in production systems

  10. Antiviral Drug Issues • Chemoprophylaxis and therapy can have major health impacts • Drug availability & manufacturing capacity limited • Small oseltamivir stockpile in SNS • Key preparedness issues • Develop antiviral use strategies and estimate impacts • Assess availability and consider stockpile options • Work with health departments to develop strategies for effective distribution and use

  11. Interventions to Decrease Disease Spread in an Influenza Pandemic • Health care system interventions • Infection control and isolation of patients in hospitals • Vaccination/antiviral prophylaxis of HCWs and in LCTF • Community interventions • Travel advisories and precautions • Screening travelers from areas with disease • Quarantine of exposed persons …based on the epidemiology & transmission of infection

  12. State & Local Preparedness • State and local health departments • Pandemic/BT/other preparedness planning • HRSA grants to coordinate medical care and enhance capacity • CDC support for surveillance and public health laboratories • Tabletop and field exercises • Health care system • Need for planning and education

  13. International Coordination: GHSI and APEC • Global Health Security Initiative • G7 countries & Mexico • Foci - vaccine development & supply; antiviral strategies • Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation • 19 Pacific rim economies • Foci – enhance national planning; surveillance; potential interventions in absence of vaccine/antivirals

  14. Influenza Pandemic Preparedness: Next Steps • Finalize national plan • Promote and support planning at State/local levels with testing of plans in tabletop and field exercises • Address key issues to enhance preparedness improving response capacity • Monitor progress and revise plan

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