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M etropolitan I ndividual S ystem of T ransportation on an E levated R ail

Olgierd (Ollie) Mikosza ( MSc CS & EE) olmiko@vp.pl +48 (505) 051-339 Zakopane Poland. M etropolitan I ndividual S ystem of T ransportation on an E levated R ail. - MISTER. For individual transportation of people and cargo in metropolitan (city) areas (pat. pending)

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M etropolitan I ndividual S ystem of T ransportation on an E levated R ail

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  1. Olgierd (Ollie) Mikosza (MSc CS & EE) olmiko@vp.pl +48 (505) 051-339 Zakopane Poland Metropolitan IndividualSystem of Transportation on an Elevated Rail - MISTER For individual transportation of people and cargo in metropolitan (city) areas (pat. pending) (a cross of a driverless taxi with a metro) 1 – no prior “state of art” knowledge… 2 – unique combination … 3 – no known systems in operation … 4 – no real future in “old” systems development … 5 – “open minds” needed …

  2. How did it all start … 30 years of work around the World in many IT fields 2 years of traffic jams in California

  3. How does it work ? (eg. Browns’ family is going to the cinema) • They go to the nearest MISTER Stop (max of 200-300 m away from their apartment). • Select destination (theater complex in a MALL, 3km away) and validate their identity + payment capability via CC etc. • Board waiting PAT (if not there, one will arrive in max of 2 mins). • PAT accelerates and merges into main MISTER line, 6-10 m above the street. • They have only 5 minutes before reaching destination (no stopping) to chat, watch city sights, TV, commercials or listen to music. • PAT leaves main transit line for an off-line stop inside the MALL, near the movies complex. • Browns’ family disembark and PAT is available for another trip, anywhere else on the MISTER network. (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  4. Subjects to discuss: • City Transport Problems • MISTER features and operation • SOCRATES – a Key to MISTER • Performance Comparison • Estimated Costs • Benefits of MISTERsolution • Objections • Summary • LITI - Light Intracity Transport Infrastructure • PAT - Personal Autonomous Transporter (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  5. 2. Main features and operation 1. LITI – Light Intracity Transport Infrastructure • concrete, metal, Kevlar or laminated wood columns supporting metal „grid rails”. • Off-line ( parallel ) stations • Small stations (PAT stops) every 300-500 m. Possible enclosing of LITI inside light, transparent „tube” to protect it from weather elements. • Standardized size and structure of LITI building blocks. • Potential „parking lots” for PATs within strategic station areas, when PATs are not in use. 2. PAT- Personal Autonomous Transporter vehicles • self propelled, small, light (composite materials) • Maximum PAT density – every 10m • Low speed (<50km/h) • Demand driven - no empty runs 3. SOCRATES – automation and control • control of all MISTER functions, from scheduling and business to every sensor monitoring. • Distributed, Integrated processing (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  6. PAT - Personal Autonomous Transporter • In contrast to current public transport systems, we have small, driverless vehicles for non stop, point-to-point travel within LITI network. • PATs are carrying only 1-4 passengers • They are very light (200-300kg) because they: • Travel at low speeds (<50km/h) • Use light, efficient electric motor (less than 10 KW) • Have no car like wheels and suspension • Don’t need crash proofing or heavy load construction (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  7. Fig.3a – simple station by www.skytran.net Fig.3b –simple station bywww.higherway.us Fig.3c PAT storage in „cage” garages Stations (PAT stops) • Visualization of stations from similar systems, show small ground infrastructure requirements. • PATs, which do not need to stop at a given station, are simply bypassing it on the main LITI line, without changing their speed. • A single ramp with a space for only 5 PATs can handle over 1000 passengers p/hr! • Stops may be located inside buildings, schools, hospitals, shopping malls etc. • For heavy demand locations, PAT Stops may have several parallel bays for loading of passengers or cargo (both in vertical and horizontal directions). • Cargo areas may be separated from passenger areas for security and congestion reasons. • Some stations have multi-level „cage garages” (Fig.3c), to store PATs, if there is no demand during off-peak times. (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  8. Fig.7 LITIinstallation method by www.skytran.net LITI Installation Method • Total cost of a single column , including materials and labour should be around $2000 ! • Drill a foundation hole • Sink reinforcement cage • Pour Concrete • Bolt on a column • Bolt on rail hanger • Mount rails (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  9. „Static rail switch” for stations and intersections • On-ramp (merging into main traffic A-Bw-C) - Fig 2 : • Motion on „right” wheels (#19) of engine caddy in the merging area „A” • Motion on „all” wheels (#9,19) of engine caddy in the merging and main rail area „Bw” • Motion on „left” wheels (#9) of engine caddy in the main rail area „C”. • Off-ramp (C-Bz-A) - Fig 4: • Reversal of the sequence above, using „Bz” area. • LITI lines intersection - Fig 5: • Joining of the off/on ramp sequences in the intersection area of LITI (C-Bz-A-Bw-C). (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  10. 3. SOCRATES – PURPOSE AND OPERATION(System for Optimization, Control, Route Analysis and Traffic Environment Supervision) Main tasks of this sub-system is control of automation and computing functions of all MISTER operations. • SOCRATES is a communication, control and processing network consisting of MOBILE and STATIONARY computers and their interaction. Computers are located in vehicles, stations and Control Centre. SOCRATES is also based on the three, cooperating technologies: • ACT - Adjacent Cell Transmission allows PAT vehicles, which are nearby, to communicate directly with each other and with nearby station via radio links. This ensures that movement safety is always provided, regardless of the Central and/or Stations Computer Systems are malfunctioning or have failed. • GPS - Geo Positional System provides positioning data for PAT vehicle as well as for Central and Station systems • xCS - Computer- System , i.e. interconnected computer applications broken down to 3 levels of operation and location : • vCS - Vehicle (Local) i.e. information about PAT, all its components and status • sCS - Station (Tactical) i.e. all events taking place in and around Station • mCS – Master (Strategic), i.e. in relation to entire MISTER system and all its components (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  11. 4. Performance Comparison (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  12. 5. Estimated Costs Some costing „perspectives” : • $100billionwasted in traffic jams in 2000 in USA alone ! ( http://www.ai.uic.edu/projectMain.html ) • Approximate costs (in US$) of city infrastructures : • 40 storey sky scraper - $ 200+ M • multilevel intersection - $ 20-100 M • 1 km metro (underground) - $ 200+ M • 1 km of Automated People Movers (APM) - $ 100+ M • 1 km of Light Rail (LRT) - $ 30-50 M • 1 km of 6 lane freeway - $ 30+ M • 1 km of 4 lane highway - $ 10+ M • 1 km of tramway - $ 5-10 M • Cost of MISTER p/km (in built up area) : • LITI (50 columns, 2 km of „rail”, labor) - $1.0 M • Stations (6 - small structures with 1 bay for 10 vehicles) - $1.0 M • PATs (200 @ $10K p/vehicle) - $2.0 M • Automation, LITI sensors and control - $1.0 M • TOTAL cost p/km (with ! Rolling stock !) : - $5.0 M (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  13. 6. Benefits of MISTER SYSTEM ELIMINATION or MAJOR IMPROVEMENT in the following traffic FACTORS : • No collisions (ultimate safety) • Individual and direct mode of transportation for each passenger or cargo between start and destination, no queuing, delays, congestion and empty runs. • No air pollution • Minimal energy consumption per payload unit • Minimal cost and time of infrastructure development even with inner city roads, while traffic payload is comparable to Metro • Minimal infrastructure real estate demands • anti-terrorist properties, due to “target dispersement” • anti-flooding quality, since it operates meters above the ground • Minimal transit times between start and destination • Reduction in remaining road vehicles congestions, accidents, traffic jams and reduction in number of lorries delivering/collecting goods within city (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  14. 7. Objections • Lack of private car convenience (door to door) – cannot be helped, but within city centres and for work commute MISTER beats traffic jams, accidents, parking hassles, driving stress and car costs. Lack of „car like” alternative forces people to use cars. With availability of MISTER, it will change ! • Costs are much higher than projected (see cable cars) – untrue. Cable cars cannot match MISTER in terms of speed, convenience, functionality and many other parameters. They are also expensive due to large structures, therefore exponential technical problems (eg. cable itself). In MISTER everything is „small”, not demanding in technical terms and hence lower costs. • Same as „Wuppertal” concept – untrue. Wuppertal was an aerial tramway, not an individual travel between any 2 grid points without stopping. It was big, old technology applied to a different concept (more like rail, not individual travel). • Nobody did it so far, so it cannot be done–„unscientific” attitude. • Only today, the cost of sensors, computing power and know-how makes it possible! • From construction and mechanical perspective, MISTER is almost trivial! • „foreign infrastructure appearance” for the current urban landscape – untrue. Many cities already have overhead rail/metro systems. Some 100 cities installed ugly „cable tramway” systems, so MISTER will look good in comparison to those and will blend into the landscape of any modern city. • Privacy invasion (looking thru the windows) due to rail elevation – Cannot be helped in some city areas, but many cities already do not have private apartments at low levels, due to noise and pollution. This is not a main problem but a matter of public education and acceptance. • Computer system is “too complex” – it is NOT “too” complex. This happens to be my field, so I know that it CAN be done, and undertake, to create it, from scratch, without hundreds of programmers, without hundreds of millions of $$ and within 2 years ! • ...? (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  15. 8. Summary • Main benefits of MISTER are derived from reduction of: • Surface and air friction (< 50% of a car) • Mass of vehicle (< 50% of a car) • Number of vehicles in operation (< 50%) • Unnecessary, multiple acceleration/breaking (< 5x) • Energy consumption p/payload unit (< 5x) • Cost of infrastructure - land and construction (< 5x) • Environment pollution (< 5x) and increase of: • Safety (through no collisions and passenger identification) • Average travel speed (40 km/h) • Comfort of travel … (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  16. REFERENCES • [1] - http://kinetic.seattle.wa.us • [2]. http://www.ai.uic.edu/projectMain.html • [3]. http://www.publicpurpose.com • [4]. http://www.transwatch.co.uk • [5] http://www.atsltd.co.uk • [6]]. http://www.personalrapidtransit.com (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

  17. Thank Youand think about it !This WILL happen very soon ! (c) MISTER by Ollie Mikosza, Poland

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