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Complexities of Viral Nomenclature

Complexities of Viral Nomenclature. No consistent system for naming viruses – some are named for the: associated diseases (e.g. poliovirus, rabies virus ) specific type of disease they cause (e.g. hepatitis A,B,C, D, E )

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Complexities of Viral Nomenclature

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  1. Complexities of Viral Nomenclature No consistent system for naming viruses – some are named for the: • associated diseases (e.g. poliovirus, rabies virus) • specific type of disease they cause (e.g. hepatitis A,B,C, D, E) • sites in the body that are affected or from which they were first isolated (e. g. rhinovirus and adenovirus) • geographic locations in which they were first isolated (e.g. Sendai virus [Sendai, Japan] and Coxsackievirus[Coxsackie, New york]) • sicentistswho first discovered them (e.g. Epstein-Barr virus) • way in which people imagined they were contracted (e.g. dengue, for “evil spirit” and influenza, for the “influence of bad air) • combinations (e.g. Rous sarcoma virus)

  2. Virus Classification (73) (287)

  3. David Baltimore developed a system to classify viruses based on their genomes…The Baltimore System… dsDNA ssDNA dsRNA ss (+) RNA ss (-) RNA ss (+) RNA with DNA intermediate gapped dsDNA VII

  4. DNA Virus Mnemonic "HHAPPPPy", -Hepadna -Herpes -Adeno -Pox -Parvo -Papilloma -Polyoma All DNA viruses except the Parvoviridae and Poxviridae are dsDNA Extremely stable, resistant to heat, detergents and chlorination

  5. All RNA viruses except Reoviridae are ssRNA

  6. Morphology • Range in size from 24-200 nm in length • Contain a head structure, which can vary in size and shape • The head encloses nucleic acid and acts as the protective covering • Some phages have tails attached to the phage head • At the end of the tail, phages like T4 have a base plate and one or more tail fibers attached to it.

  7. Significance of phages include: • Carry virulence factors for certain bacteria • Essential members of the ecosystem • Contributions to understanding genetics and molecular biology • Phage as Tools

  8. Potential applications for bacteriophages in human health

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