Module 6

1. Module 6 Learning Theory and Interaction

2. Emerging Technologies Blogs Podcasts RSS feeds Digital books Digital video Wikis Handheld devices Games Social Networking sites (Facebook)

3. Learning Theories • Social Networking • Interactive Learning Theory • Social Development Theory • Multiple Intelligences • Bloom’s Taxonomy

4. Social Networking & Technology • Bandura’s Social Learning Theory: • Example – The most common (and pervasive) examples of social learning situations are television commercials.

5. Interactive Learning Theory • CSCL (computer supported collaborative learning): • “CSCL aims at providing both an authentic environment and multi-perspectives that can tie in students' prior knowledge.

6. Social Development Theory & Technology • “Vygotsky's Social Development Theory rests on two main principles: • The More Knowledgeable Other (MKO) refers to anyone who has a better understanding or a higher ability level than the learner, with respect to a particular task, process, or concept. • The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is the place where a student can perform a task under adult guidance or with peer collaboration that could not be achieved alone.

7. Multiple Intelligences & Technology • Dr. Howard Gardner identified/theorized different styles of learning in eight distinct categories/intelligences: • Logical/mathematical • Interpersonal • Intrapersonal • Musical • Kinesthetic • Naturalist • Linguistic • Visual/spatial

8. Bloom’s Taxonomy & Technology The Six Levels of Bloom's Taxonomy • Knowledge • Comprehension • Application • Analysis • Synthesis • Evaluation

9. Levels of Interactivity • Basic text and imagery • Audio • Video • User interaction • User immersion • Multiple user interaction • Real time simulations • Synchronous (multiple user) simulations

10. Linear and Non-linear Design • Linear design is sequential: step-by-step processes such as a math problem. • Non-linear design is developed so that the user can start anywhere in the process.

11. Linking Theory and Practice • Learning theory needs to be linked to design. • Evaluation of technology should be linked to a variety of learning theories. • Rubrics need to be created for use by teachers and schools to evaluate technologies. • Emerging technologies should be explored and cost evaluations need to take place. • Interactivity needs analysis must take place in order to account for individual differences.

12. Additional Readings: • R. Sims, (n.d.). The Interactive conundrum I: Interactive constructs and learning theory. Retrieved on February 1, 2009, from http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/brisbane99/papers/sims.pdf • Anderson, T. (2002). An updated and theoretical rational for interaction. Retrieved on February 1, 2009, from http://it.coe.uga.edu/itforum/paper63/paper63.htm

13. Resources • Reynard, R (2008). Social Networking: Learning Theory in Action. Retrieved February, 1, 2009, from http://thejournal.com/articles/2008/05/21/social-networking-learning-theory-in-action.aspx • Learning Theories. (n.d.). Social development theory (Vygotsky). Retrieved February, 1, 2009, from http://www.learning-theories.com/vygotskys-social-learning-theory.html

14. References Kearsley, G. Social Learning Theory (A. Bandura). Retrieved March 3, 2010 from http://tip.psychology.org/bandura.html Mace, K. (2005). Vygotsky's social development theory. In  B. Hoffman (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Educational Technology. Retrieved March 3, 2010, from http://edweb.sdsu.edu/EET/articles/sdtheory/index.htm Wana, J and Hsiao, D.L. The Emergence of Theories of CSCL. Retrieved March 3, 2010 from http://www.edb.utexas.edu/csclstudent/Dhsiao/theories.html Zavala, Jr., C. Enhancing Multiple Intelligences Through Multimedia. Retrieved March 3, 2010 from http://www.etc.edu.cn/eet/Articles/mimultimedia/index.htm