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生物技术一班 游琼英 20052503420

生物技术一班 游琼英 20052503420. Lipid metabolism ( 脂代谢 ). AA metabolism( 氨基酸代谢 ). Nucleotide anabolism and catabolism ( 核苷酸代谢 ). ATP. ADP+Pi. -. -. -. -. CHO. CH 2 OH. CH 3. CH 2 OH. CH 2 OH. -. -. -. -. CHOH. C=O. C=O. HCOH.

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生物技术一班 游琼英 20052503420

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  1. 生物技术一班游琼英20052503420

  2. Lipid metabolism (脂代谢) AA metabolism(氨基酸代谢) Nucleotide anabolism and catabolism (核苷酸代谢)

  3. ATP ADP+Pi - - - - CHO CH2OH CH3 CH2OH CH2OH - - - - CHOH C=O C=O HCOH HCOH CH2OH CH2O-P CH2O-P COOH CH2O-P Fatty acid anabolism(分解) NAD+ NADH +H+ 甘油激酶 磷酸甘油脱氢酶 磷酸酯酶 磷酸丙糖 异构酶 糖异生 葡萄糖 EMP TCA - CO2+H2O 乙酰COA - • carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism connect by 磷酸二羟丙酮。 • Metabolism in liver.

  4. The oxidation of the fatty acid activationofFatty Acid out of mt enoyl -CoAβ-oxidation in mt acetyl-CoA TCACO2、H2O、ATP

  5. A. The activation of the fatty acid(活化)

  6. B. The transfer of enoyl-CoA

  7. 2、饱和脂肪酸的β-氧化 (在mt和乙醛酸体中进行) β-氧化:FA活化生成脂酰CoA进入线粒体基质 后,在脂酰基的β碳原子上依次进 行脱氢, 加水,再脱氢,硫解, 四步反应,生成一分子乙酰CoA和 脂酰CoA(比原来少2个C)的过程。

  8. oxidation

  9. Hydrate(水合)

  10. dehydrogen (脱H)

  11. 硫解

  12. Citric acid cycle H C C O C O O H 3 + (1) C o A S H N A D + 乙酰 CoA 草酰乙酸 N A D H + H C O 2 C H C O ~ S C o A 3 (10) O C C O O H H C C O O H L-苹果酸 (2) + H O C C O O H H 2 H 2 O C C O O H (9) N A D H + H + H N A D 2 H O C o A S H 2 C H C O O H H C C O O H 2 延胡索酸 C ( O H ) C O O H (3) C C O O H H C H C O O H 2 F A D H 2 (8) C H C O O H 2 F A D C H C O O H + H C C O O H C H ( O H ) C O O H 琥珀酸 2 (4) C C O O H + N A D ( P ) G T P H 2 C o A S H N A D ( P ) H + H (7) G D P + P i C H C O O H 2 o A C H C O O H (5) H 草酰琥珀酸 C H C O O H 2 O 2 + + C H C O C O O H C O ~ S C N A D N A D H + H 2 C O C H 2 2 (6) C H 琥珀酰 CoA 2 C O C O O H α-酮戊二酸 C O O H C O C o A S H 2

  13. O = RC=CCO~SCOA OH RCH-CH2CO~SCOA O = RC-CH2CO~SCOA β-oxidation RCH2CH2COOH 脂酰COA脱H酶(3种) RCH2CH2CO~SCOA (脂酰COA) H - - H (△2反式烯脂酰COA) 继续β-氧化 - R-C~SCOA+ CH3-C~SCOA (L-β- 羟脂酰COA)

  14. The energy product by the fatty acid β-oxidation • activation:-2ATP • one turn of β-oxidation: 1FADH2, 1NADH, 1acetyl-CoA • (1.5ATP) (2.5ATP) (TCA cycle: 10ATP)

  15. 1. Ketone bodies(酮体) 丙酮 乙酰乙酸 β-羟丁酸

  16. lipid synthesis 柠檬酸将乙酰CoA从mt运到胞液 Acetyl-CoA transfer into mitochondrion by citrate pyruvate cycle(柠檬酸丙酮酸循环) from cytosol

  17. catabolism ①dehydration ②the first deoxidize ③dehydration ④the second deoxidize Make1mol软脂酸-ACP has 7 turns 总反应:8乙酰-S-CoA + 14NADPH + 14H+ + 7ATP 软脂酸+ 8HSCOA + 14NADP+ + 7ADP + 7Pi +6H2O

  18. NADP+ 烯脂酰-ACP还原酶 转酰基酶 NADPH+H+ 6 1b HSCoA 1a HOOCCH2CO-SCoA 乙酰CoA-ACP转酰基酶 CH3COSCoA HO H 丙二酰CoA-ACP转酰基酶 β-羟脂酰- ACP脱水酶 5 2 CoASH 3 β-酮脂酰-ACP合酶 4 NADP+ β-酮脂酰-ACP还原酶 CO2 NADPH+H+ 加氢 启动 脱水 装载 加氢 缩合

  19. RCOCOOH+NH3 脱氨基 脱羧基 RCH2NH2+CO2 RCH-COOH NH2 AA metabolism(氨基酸代谢)

  20. (一)deamination(脱氨基作用) (二) transamination(转氨基作用) (三)combined deamination(联合脱氨)

  21. (一)deamination(脱氨基作用) 1. Oxidative deamination(氧化脱氨)

  22. 2.L-glutamate dehydrogenase (L-谷氨酸脱氢酶)

  23. (2).transamination(转氨作用) amino acid Accepter keto acid transaminase New amino acid New keto acid 谷丙转氨酶(glutamic pyruvic transaminase,GPT),谷草转氨酶(glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase,GOT)

  24. α-KG 转氨酶 谷氨酸脱氢酶 谷氨酸 Combined deamination(联合脱氨)

  25. urea cycle(尿素循环)

  26. 1. 氨甲酰磷酸的合成 2. 瓜氨酸的合成 3. 由瓜氨酸合成精氨基琥珀酸 4. 生成Arg 5. Arg的水解

  27. The urea cycle 总方程式

  28. one carbon unit一碳单位 methyl(—CH3,甲基) methylene(—CH2—,甲叉基) methenyl(—CH=,甲川基) formyl(—CHO,甲酰基) formamino(—CH=NH,亚氨甲基)

  29. one carbon unit(一碳单位) often link to FH4 when they react with others.

  30. Nucleotide anabolism(分解代谢) Nucleotide catabolism(合成代谢)

  31. 核酸 核苷酸 核苷 + Pi 碱基 + 戊糖-1-P Nucleotide anabolism(分解代谢)

  32. 核酸中的嘌呤主要是Ade、Gua首先脱氨,分别生成次黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤,再进一步代谢生成尿酸。核酸中的嘌呤主要是Ade、Gua首先脱氨,分别生成次黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤,再进一步代谢生成尿酸。

  33. AMP IMP GMP Nucleotide catabolism(合成代谢) (一)嘌呤核苷酸的生物合成 1. De novo synthesis(从头合成途径) First ,synthesize IMP

  34. The origins of the purine ring

  35. 先合成IMP

  36. IMP合成AMP和GMP

  37. The origins of pyrimidine rings

  38. The pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway(生物合成途径)

  39. CTP synthesis from UTP

  40. The end

  41. thank you!!

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