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Slavery In America

Slavery In America. A Ride for Liberty: The Fugitive Slaves by Eastman Johnson. Southern Societal Structure. Slaves’ Daily Life and Labor. 90% of slaves lived on plantations or farms Most slaves on cotton plantations worked sunup to sundown, 6 days/week

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Slavery In America

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  1. Slavery In America

  2. A Ride for Liberty: The Fugitive Slaves by Eastman Johnson

  3. Southern Societal Structure

  4. Slaves’ Daily Life and Labor • 90% of slaves lived on plantations or farms • Most slaves on cotton plantations worked sunup to sundown, 6 days/week • About 75% of slaves were field workers, about 5% worked in industry • Urban slaves had more autonomy than rural slaves

  5. A Closed Mind and a Closed Society • Planters fear growth of abolitionism • Planters encourage closing of ranks • Slavery defended as a positive good • Africans depicted as inferior • slavery defended with Bible • slavery a humane asylum to improve Africans • Slavery superior to Northern wage labor • Contrary points of view suppressed

  6. Slave Concentration, 1820

  7. The Rise of the Cotton Kingdom • "Short-staple" cotton drives cotton boom • Cotton gin makes seed extraction easy • Year-round requirements suited to slave labor • Cotton in Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, east Texas • Large planters dominate cotton production • 1850--South produces 75% of world's cotton, cotton the most important U.S. business

  8. Slave Concentration, 1860

  9. The "Profitability" Issue • Slavery not profitable for South as a whole • White small farmers have lower living standards than most Northern farmers • Profits from cotton not well-distributed • Slave system results in waste of human resources, Southern underdevelopment

  10. Toward Abolition

  11. Nat Turner’s Rebellion-1831 • The rebellion, though defeated, was the most remarkable instance of black resistance to enslavement. 57 whites were killed • He was hanged and skinned on November 11 in Jerusalem, Virginia. His corpse was mutilated and various body parts were kept by whites as souvenirs. • In total, 55 blacks suspected of having been involved in the uprising were killed.

  12. William Lloyd Garrison • 1831 - William L. Garrison starts "Liberator” • 1832 - Garrison starts New England Anti-Slavery Society

  13. Harriet Beecher Stowe

  14. HBS -- Uncle Tom’s Cabin • The best-selling novel of the 19th century (and the second best-selling book of the century after the Bible) and is credited with both helping to start the American Civil War and helping to fuel the abolitionist cause in the United States.

  15. John Brown

  16. John Brown's Raid--1859 • Brown and his followers planned a slave insurrection to begin in western Virginia. • Seized federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry, but was quickly captured, tried, and hanged. • Impact of Brown • Northern abolitionists (Emerson and Thoreau) viewed him as a martyr, taking action against the evil of slavery • Southerners generally viewed Brown as a madman, symbolizing the fanatical hatred of the North • Moderates (Lincoln) condemned Brown's action, while admiring his commitment to countering slavery

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