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Microanalysis in Science and Engineering

Explore the properties of solids like sugar, salt, glass, and plastic through microscopy. Learn how to differentiate true solids from amorphous substances. Evaluate your understanding with a rubric and self-assessment.

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Microanalysis in Science and Engineering

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  1. Microanalysis in Science and Engineering Identification of Solids Physical Science

  2. Contact Information Susan Upton and Deborah Sells supton@hotmail.com d_sells@hotmail.com Livingston Academy

  3. Performance Indicators • Physical Science Standards – State of TN • Standard 2.0 Structures and Properties of Matter • The student will be able to identify samples of matter as solid, liquid, gas, or plasma.

  4. Textbook Reference • Foundations of Physical Science Tom Hsu (CPO 2002) • Chapter 16 What is Matter ?

  5. Internet References Images used in this slide show were obtained from the following websites: mayo http://anka.livstek.lth.se:2080/microscopy/gallery.htm snow http://www.anri.barc.usda.gov/emusnow/color/color.htm CO2 http://www.anri.barc.usda.gov/emusnow/MartianIce/ms.htm glass fracture surface http://www.bsu.edu/web/jcflowers1/rlo/lceramicsglass.htm sea salt http://www.denniskunkel.com/PublicHtml/Details_PopUp.asp?File_Name=92558JWA sugar crystal (red) http://www.denniskunkel.com/PublicHtml/Details_PopUp.asp?File_Name=9287JWA diamond http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/birthstones/pages/diamond.html acid crystals http://mse.iastate.edu/images/microscopy/AcidCrystalss.jpg gypsum http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/sem1/ plastic http://www.unified-eng.com/semex/semex.html Various clip art images www.barrysclipart.com Mouse detective clipart http://clipart.disneysites.com/display.php?catID=95 Tupperware www.tupperware.com Tennessee http://officialcitysites.org/stategov.php3?st=TN The salt and sugar crystal micrographs were taken by us during the workshop at TTU.

  6. Materials Needed • Materials Needed for this activity: • Samples of sugar, salt, glass, plastic • Hand lens • Textbook or web access

  7. What Makes A Solid Be A Solid ? Are These Solids ???

  8. Investigation • Do you think each is a solid? • Look at each of the samples in front of you. • Why do you think each is or is not a solid? Record your answers on your lab handout.

  9. Find the information • Look up the definition of a solid, either in your textbook or on the internet. • One possible website is http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/pphase.htm Write the definition on your lab handout.

  10. Take a closer look • Now look at each sample using the hand lens. • Do you still agree with how you classified the samples originally? Record your answers on your lab handout.

  11. Take a really close look • Now you will look at pictures of each of the substances taken at high magnification using an electron microscope. This allows you to see more detail than possible with the human eye or the hand lenses. • After looking at the pictures, decide if your original classification of each substance fits the definition of a solid. Record your answers on your lab handout.

  12. Salt Sugar Glass Plastic

  13. Explanation • Explain why each sample is or is not a solid, based on the definition of a true solid. • If a sample is not a true solid, what is it? • Use your textbook or the website to find out. Record your answers on your lab handout.

  14. Answers • The sugar and salt are true solids because they have a crystalline structure. • The glass and plastic are not true solids because they do not have a crystalline structure. • Amorphous refers to substances that appear to be solid, but really aren’t, like the glass and plastic.

  15. Now Try These • Now that you know what a true solid is, see if you can identify the following pictures.

  16. Answers to “Now Try These” • If you said all of the samples were true solids, you missed one. The picture in the lower right hand corner is not a solid because is does not have a crystalline structure. • The images were solid carbon dioxide (dry ice), sea salt, sugar, and mayonnaise.

  17. Evaluation • Use the rubric to see how well you have mastered this material. • See if your self-assessment matches how well your teacher thinks you did.

  18. Rubric

  19. End Notes • Special thanks to: • Dr. Margaret Phelps • Dr. Larry Knox • Dr. Chris Wilson • Dr. Joe Biernacki • Wayne Hawkins • The ever helpful graduate students

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