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Jenney’s First Year Latin Lesson 22

In this lesson, you will learn about third conjugation verbs in the active voice. We will explore the vocabulary and conjugation patterns of verbs such as agō, cōgō, dēfendō, dūcō, gerō, mittō, pōnō, regō, reliquō, surgō, and trādō. Practice forming and using these verbs in the present, imperfect, and future tenses.

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Jenney’s First Year Latin Lesson 22

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  1. Jenney’s First Year LatinLesson 22 Lesson 22 Vocabulary Third Conjugation Verbs, Active Voice Apposition

  2. Lesson 22 Vocabulary

  3. agō, agere, ēgī, āctus to do, drive

  4. cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctus to collect; compel (co- + agō, agere, ēgī, āctus)

  5. dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus to defend

  6. dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus to lead N.B.: Pres. Act. Impv. = dūc / dūcite

  7. gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus to bear, carry on, wear

  8. mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus to send

  9. pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus to put, place

  10. regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus to rule

  11. relinquō, relinquere, relīquī, relictus to leave, leave behind

  12. surgō, surgere, surrēxī, surrēctus to rise, stand up

  13. trādō, trādere, trādidī, trāditus to hand over (down), surrender

  14. vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus to conquer, defeat

  15. Third Conjugation Verbs: Active Voice

  16. Third Conjugation Verbs • 3rd conjugation verbs are indicated by –E– before the –re in the 2nd PP • dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead • agō, agere, ēgī, actus: to do, drive • the rules for forming: • the present system of the 3rd conj. are slightly different than the rules for 1st & 2nd conj. • but the perf. system stays the same • to find the present stem of a 3rd conj. verb, drop the –ō from the 1st PP

  17. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense To Form the Present Tense: • add –i– to the stem in the 2nd SG, 3rd SG, 1st PL, & 2nd PL • add –u– to the stem in the 3rd PL • then add the personal endings

  18. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense To Form the Present Tense: • add –i– to the stem in the 2nd SG, 3rd SG, 1st PL, & 2nd PL • add –u– to the stem in the 3rd PL • then add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  19. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense To Form the Present Tense: • add –i– to the stem in the 2nd SG, 3rd SG, 1st PL, & 2nd PL • add –u– to the stem in the 3rd PL • then add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  20. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense To Form the Present Tense: • add –i– to the stem in the 2nd SG, 3rd SG, 1st PL, & 2nd PL • add –u– to the stem in the 3rd PL • then add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  21. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rectus: to rule

  22. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rectus: to rule

  23. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rectus: to rule

  24. Third Conjugation Verbs – Present Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rectus: to rule

  25. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense To Form the Imperfect Tense: • add –ēba– to the present stem (1st PP take off the -ō) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  26. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense To Form the Imperfect Tense: • add –ēba– to the present stem (1st PP take off the -ō) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  27. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense To Form the Imperfect Tense: • add –ēba– to the present stem (1st PP take off the -ō) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  28. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense To Form the Imperfect Tense: • add –ēba– to the present stem (1st PP take off the -ō) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  29. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  30. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  31. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  32. Third Conjugation Verbs – Imperfect Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  33. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense To Form the Future Tense: • add –a– to the present stem in the 1st SG • add –ē– to the present stem in all other forms (–e– in 3rd pers. forms) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  34. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense To Form the Future Tense: • add –a– to the present stem in the 1st SG • add –ē– to the present stem in all other forms (–e– in 3rd pers. forms) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  35. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense To Form the Future Tense: • add –a– to the present stem in the 1st SG • add –ē– to the present stem in all other forms (–e– in 3rd pers. forms) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  36. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense To Form the Future Tense: • add –a– to the present stem in the 1st SG • add –ē– to the present stem in all other forms (–e– in 3rd pers. forms) • add the personal endings dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus: to lead

  37. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  38. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  39. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  40. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense Practice: regō, regere, rēxī, rēctus: to rule

  41. Third Conjugation Verbs – Future Tense A Note on the Future Tense: • because future of 3rd conj. verbs looks like the present of 2nd conj. verbs in most forms, it is more important now than ever before that you be able to identify the conjugation of the verb • 3rd –io & 4th conjugation verbs also follow this pattern, so learn it now • remember this rhyme to help with the rules for the future tense across conjugations: • 1 & 2 have bō, bi, bu, BUT 4 & 3 have an a and e’s

  42. Third Conjugation Verbs Present Active Imperative to form the present active imperative… • SG: add –e– to the 3rd conj. pres. stem • PL: add –ite– to the 3rd conj. pres. stem e.g.: regō, regere – rege! (sg) regite! (pl) exception: the SG impv. of dūcō, dūcere is dūc! • the pl is still formed regularly – dūcite!

  43. Third Conjugation Verbs – Perfect System • the perfect system tenses of 3rd conjugation verbs are formed completely regularly: • Perfect: • perfect stem + -ī, -istī, -it, -imus, -istis, -ērunt • Pluperfect: • perfect stem + -eram, -erās, -erat, -erāmus, -erātis, -erant • Future Perfect: • perfect stem + -erō, -eris, -erit, -erimus, -eritis, -erint

  44. Appositives

  45. Appositives/Nouns in Apposition • a noun used to describe another noun or pronoun is called its appositive, or is said to be in apposition toit • the appositive must agree in casewith the noun or pronoun it describes • typically comes after the noun/pronoun it describes E.G.: • Puella fratrem Marcum amat. • The girl loves her brother, Marcus.

  46. Appositives/Nouns in Apposition • a noun used to describe another noun or pronoun is called its appositive, or is said to be in apposition to it • the appositive must agree in casewith the noun or pronoun it describes • typically comes after the noun/pronoun it describes E.G.: • Puella fratremMarcum amat. • The girl loves her brother, Marcus.

  47. Appositives/Nouns in Apposition • a noun may be in apposition to an understood subject: • Cōnsulmīlitēsdūcō.  I, the consul, lead the soldiers. • Imperātōrcopiāsdūcis.  You, as commander, lead the troops. • an appositive can be used to indicate time • Caesar puermagnamaudāciamhabuit. • Caesar, as a boy, had great boldness. • Caesar, when a boy, had great boldness. • Caesar, while a boy, had great boldness.

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