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South Africa

South Africa. Construction and Demolition . Deidre De Vos Jan-Harm Steenkamp Theo Ntwe. South Africa. Video in original ppt. Introduction. THE “SHACK” PARRADOX. Pinnacle of sustainability Conventional shack Location & Skills. Introduction. THE “SHACK” PARRADOX.

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South Africa

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  1. South Africa Construction and Demolition Deidre De Vos Jan-Harm Steenkamp Theo Ntwe

  2. South Africa • Video in original ppt

  3. Introduction THE “SHACK” PARRADOX • Pinnacle of sustainability • Conventional shack • Location & Skills

  4. Introduction THE “SHACK” PARRADOX • Unsustainable Construction and the built environment • Lack of tenure • Inadequate Shelter • Inadequate air quality • Inadequate services • Water and outdoor air • pollution • Man-made disasters

  5. Procedures and management The Cradle-to-grave cycle of materials and components

  6. Separation of materials Recycling industries exist in South Africa, but differ tremendously by material type. • Metal recycling is the most successful. • Scrap metal is recycled into building sections, machinery, tools etc. • Wood and asphalt recycling is fairly reasonable. • Rubble is certainly under-recycled, particularly since we have existing best practice examples in the country. • Gypsum, insulation and carpet padding recycling are new markets that need stimulation to flourish.

  7. Reuse, renewing and recycling Basic construction products used in South African • Concrete • masonry walling • windows and doors (including glass and door leafs) • steel products • sanitary ware • ceiling boards • timber, • electrical fittings, • floor finishes, • wall finishes, and insulation materials. Current status in South Africa • Illegal land fill • Informal recycling

  8. Laws and regulations • Socio-economic considerations • Bio-physical considerations • Lack of legislation

  9. Strategies and acts • Agenda 21 for sustainable development • NEMA - National Environmental Management Act • Sub- divided in other acts, for example : • National Environmental Management: Waste Act, Act 59 of 2008 • National Strategy for Sustainable Development (NSSD).

  10. Case Study • Refurbishment project for the Construction Industry Development Board (2003) • The case study described the following sustainability objectives : • National empowerment initiatives; • Procurement methods that underpin value, transparency and partnership; • Health and safety, including HIV/Aids awareness; and • Environmental objectives, including design for flexibility and comfort, materials recycling and energy conservation.

  11. Case Study • Recovery of the internal face bricks as well as the run-of –the-kiln bricks( rok.’s) Recovery rate: • 80% Rok.’s • 15% Face bricks Other building materials:

  12. Case Study Environmental benefits: • Saves energy • CO2 emissions are reduced • Consumption of raw materials are reduced • Landfill dumping's are reduced Case study shows significance of deconstruction design

  13. Future tactics National Waste Management Strategy Implementation (SA-May 2000) • Waste – resource exchange • i.e. construction and demolition waste, electronics and equipment, rubber, leather and timber. • Definition -Industrial Waste Exchange • Internationally recognized concept • Mechanism for recycling and reusing • Linking industrial waste generators to companies renewing and recycling. • Trader / Recycler of Used and Baled Waste Paper: Port Elizabeth

  14. Future tactics • Problems with strategy - limits to the system - lack of skills 3 Different approaches 1. Industrial Ecology 2. Industrial Ecosystems 3. Waste minimization clubs

  15. Future tactics • Industrial Ecology - exchange of materials between different industrial sectors where the 'waste' output of one industry becomes the 'feedstock' of another. • Industrial Ecosystems - refer to situations in which a number of different companies, usually in close proximity to each other, exchange various 'waste' outputs.

  16. Future tactics • Waste minimization clubs ( NL 1990) - Waste minimization involves investigating all methods of reducing material/utility use at source and improving process efficiency, thereby reducing emissions to the environment and saving money. • SA Western cape – Savings of 8milion per annum. • The South African Industrial Waste Exchange – 0.16 and 1.26%

  17. Future tactics Deconstruction (Skeleton concept) • Deconstruction of buildings is the main proposed strategy to curb the idea of demolition for future construction of buildings, to enable better re-use and recycling of materials. • Design for deconstruction (DFD) means the design of a building and its components with intent to manage its end-of-life more efficiently. • The main idea is to be able to dismantle building components without demolishing them; therefore the building must be flexible.

  18. Future tactics Deconstruction Principles • The principles governing this are durability and adaptability. • Durability – the ability of the designed building and building materials to withstand all types of conditions overtime. • Adaptability – the ability of the building to be modified, either the interior or exterior to fit the changes of the physical environment.

  19. Future tactics Deconstruction Procedure • Selecting the team of designers – the decisions and design of the building determines the retrieve ability of the building components for re-use or recycling. • Design of the building – former designs of buildings were built as eternal structures, meaning that if it needed to be re-modified it produced more waste or no option was available but to demolish the building. • Open buildings (permanent core) – the building structure does not stay in a single state for more than a few years or decades, it is continually changed by activities such as remodeling, repair, expansions and maintenance. These activities alter the building’s exterior, interior or both. • Modular buildings (industrially produced) • Portable • On-site assembly • Demountable

  20. Future tactics Deconstruction Procedure 3. Material considerations 4. Principles for achieving flexibility in buildings 5. End use scenario hierarchy of options

  21. Future tactics • Promoting and enhancing industrial waste exchange in South Africa • public-private-partnerships • South African Cleaner Production centers • trading platforms • Linking businesses • funding mechanisms

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