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Protecting Yourself From Bloodborne Pathogens

This comprehensive guide by CSP Frank Taylor covers everything you need to know about bloodborne pathogens - from viruses like Hepatitis and Ebola to bacteria and protozoa. Learn about routes of entry, effective protection methods, and updates on Ebola outbreaks.

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Protecting Yourself From Bloodborne Pathogens

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  1. Protecting Yourself From Bloodborne Pathogens By Frank Taylor, CSP

  2. AGENDA • Bloodborne Pathogens • What & Where are they? • Viruses = Hepatitis, HIV & Ebola • Routes of entry • Protecting yourself • Ebola Update

  3. Pathogens Bacteria 4 major types (humans) • (1) bacteria (cellular) • (2) viruses (sub-cellular) • (3) protozoa (cellular animals) • (4) helminths (parasitic worms) Helminths Protozoa

  4. Bacteria or Virus? Bacteria • cellular organisms, most not pathogenic • Mathematical Viruses • genetic entities • enter host cells • infect to reproduce.

  5. Viruses Cause a number of diseases in humans: Airborne • Common colds/flu, • Small/chickenpox, polio, • Shingles, herpes, rabies, • Hanta fever, some types of cancer Bloodborne • Hepatitis (A thru E), AIDS & Ebola

  6. What Are Bloodborne Pathogens? • Bloodborne • in blood or OPIM • primarily attack the liver • Pathogens • disease causing microorganisms

  7. Where Are They Found? Body fluids • Blood or OPIM = fluids w/Blood products: Vomit Semen/Vaginal Secretions Fluids: • Cerebrospinal • Synovial • Amniotic • Mucus

  8. HIV Primarily by Sexual Xmission Occupational Xmission Total cases to 1999= 57 After 1999 = 1

  9. Ebola -What/Outbreaks ? RNA Viral infection = Liver inflammation Origen: W. Africa Death w/in 6-16 days Only 4 cases in US

  10. What Is Hepatitis? Liver inflammation Primarily by viral infection Because the liver filters out the blood toxins

  11. Hepatitis A & E Transmitted via food/water contaminated w/fecal matter Poor sanitation/hygiene Flu-like symptoms Shot infection cycle (1-4wks) Hepatitis A = Vaccine Exists Hepatitis E = No vaccine

  12. Hepatitis B Transmission • Contact w/HBV in body fluids Most often • contaminated needles/syringes Sometimes • blood transfusions • STD

  13. Hepatitis B Vaccination • Recommended for Foreign Travel • Provided at no cost to affected employees

  14. Hepatitis D One of the newer types. Transmitted primarily as STD. Co-infection w/Hep B Single RNA Strand B and D is BaD

  15. Hepatitis C Transmission • Blood/body fluids • Needles/tattooing • Razor, tooth brush No vaccination exists

  16. HIV • Virus Causes AIDS • STD • Attacks the immune system • + vulnerable to other • No effective vaccine • Since 1981 • Infected = 1,051,875 • Deaths = 583,298 • Infected = 3 men to every woman

  17. How Can A Bloodborne Disease Be Transmitted?

  18. Work/ Public Contamination Infected person’s blood could contaminate • Sharp Objects • Surfaces (handles, railings, knobs) • Broken glass • Tools

  19. Routes Of Entry Contaminated Hand to • Mouth/nose/eyes • Mucus membranes Skin Contact • Punctures • W/cuts/sores

  20. Protecting YourselfAs Easy as A B C Attitude • Universal Precautions Behavior • Avoidance, • Hand Washing, Disinfection Controls • PPE, CPR Masks, Sharps Containers

  21. Ebola Facts • Ebola = (EVD) • Victims bleed from anywhere in body • Usually, victims bleed to death • No Cure, Treat symptoms only • Origin – 1976 (S. Sudan & Congo)

  22. Ebola Update • Current outbreak = March 2014 • Most widespread since 1976 • Named after Ebola River • Source animal undiscovered • Fruit bat? • Monkey?

  23. Summary Blood Borne Pathogens • What – Viruses = Hepatitus/AIDS/Ebola • Where – Body fluids on surfaces, sharps Prevention • Attitude – Universal Precautions • Behavior – Avoid contact, Wash, Disinfect • Controls – Cover up Ebola Update

  24. ??Questions??

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