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Unraveling the DNA Mystery: The Code of Life and its Replication

Delve into the intriguing world of DNA, the genetic blueprint found in every cell. Learn about its history, structure, and how it controls cellular activities. Discover the fascinating process of DNA replication and the significance of Chargaff's Rules. Explore the double helix model and the groundbreaking work of scientists like Rosalind Franklin and Watson/Crick. Uncover the secrets of DNA's composition, from its sugar-phosphate backbone to the nitrogen bases that form the rungs of the ladder.

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Unraveling the DNA Mystery: The Code of Life and its Replication

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  1. DNA“Deoxyribonucleic acid”

  2. What is DNA? • “Code of Life” -an organism’s information code for making proteins or traits. • Controls all of the activities of the cell. • Found in the nucleus of EVERY cell in our bodies.

  3. History of DNA • By mid 1800’s, scientists knew that nuclei contained chemicals called nucleic acids. • Rosalind Franklin used x-ray crystallography to discover that DNA is the shape of a twisted ladder called a “double helix”

  4. 1953- James Watson and Francis Crick made model of DNA • Won the Nobel Prize

  5. DNA Model • Sides of Ladder: Sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphates • Rungs of ladder: Nitrogen bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine)

  6. Chargaff’s Rules • The amount of cytosine always equals the amount of guanine. • The amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine. • Therefore, they exist as pairs that match up with each other. A=T C=G

  7. How is DNA Copied? • By DNA Replication (occurs in interphase) • Steps: 1. Two sides of DNA molecule unwind and separate. 2. Nitrogen bases floating in the nucleus pair up with original bases on each separated strand. 3. Two new identical DNA strands are formed

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