Emergency Shelter Technical Issues: Standards

Emergency shelter technical issues: standards 1. Introduction 2. Experience • 45 minutes • Introduction • Experience • Context • Application • Limitations • Agreed standards • Summary 3. Context 4. Application 5.Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7.Summary Tom Corsellis Antonella Vitale

1. Introduction: scope and context International response standards relevant to the shelter needs of those affected by conflict and natural disaster 1. Introduction Standards session objective: a sound appreciation of relevant technical standards and their application in coordination Standards and laws should be used for each option transitional settlement for displaced populations 2. Experience reconstruction on new location 3. Context 4. Application repatriated reconstruction 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards reconstruction for non-displacement populations reconstruction on existing site 7. Summary

2. Experience:discussion session What has been your experience with legal frameworks and standards? 1. Introduction 2. Experience What has been your experience with legal frameworks and standards? Are standards useful benchmarks to gauge your organisation’s response? Do donors ask your organisation to integrate the use of standards into your programmes? 3. Context Do you find other organisations and government officials receptive to standards as a lobbying tool? 4. Application 5. Limitations How useful have standards been to you when responding to a disaster? 6. Agreed standards 7. Summary

3. Context:the legal context to standards • Legal framework • Constitutional law • Statutory law • Religious law • Customary law • International framework • International humanitarian law • International human rights law • International refugee law 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context ‘Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement’ The gap left by legal frameworks is filled by agreed standards for response After conflicts and natural disasters, the international framework of law, principles and standards fills the gap in the normative legal framework • Principles for response • Agreed principles providing • guidance on legal and • technical shelter issues • Support protection and rights 4. Application • Standards for response • Agreed standards providing benchmarks for response • Standards made on site to suit a specific event 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7. Summary

3. Context: protection The ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ provides the basis for the use of standards in emergency shelter 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context • security of person: “everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person” • privacy: “no one shall be subjected to arbitrary • interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence” • peaceful enjoyment of possession: “everyone has the right to own property… no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property” • adequate housing: “everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family” download from un.org/rights 4. Assessment 5. Limitations These need to be implemented through understandings of age, gender and diversity 6.Impact 7. Summary

4. Application:strategic coordination The primary purpose of standards in emergency shelter is to inform and support the development and implementation, with all stakeholders, of an integrated consensus strategy for transitional settlement and reconstruction The effective use of standards will simplify greatly the coordination of operations, when understood as being part of the wider legal framework 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application How can standards be applied affectively? 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7. Summary

4. Application:effective use of standards Four rules for the effective use of standards 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context Standards are only useful if they are: 1. appropriate to the situation and to all stakeholders 2. agreed amongst all stakeholders 3. achievable with available capacity and materials 4. enforceable by all stakeholders 4. Application How can standards be applied effectively? 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7. Summary

5. Limitations:scope of standards Transitional settlement for displaced populations 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application host families rural self-settlement urban self-settlement collective centres self-settled camps planned camps 5. Limitations Standards for response focus mainly on collective centres and planned camps Reconstruction for non-displaced populations repair on site site adjacent near to house but not on site Standards are not comprehensive 6.Agreed standards 7. Summary

6. Main publications Most relevant agreed principles 1. Introduction 2. Experience ‘Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement’ (United Nations, 2004) 3. Context ‘Housing and Property Restitution for Refugees and Displaced Persons: Implementing the Pinheiro Principles’ (currently at press) 4. Application 5. Limitations ‘Shelter After Disaster: Guidelines for Assistance' (UNDRO, 1982) 6.Main publications Additional principles and standards exist, for example on good donorship and housing rights Most relevant agreed standards for response ‘Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response’ (The Sphere Project, 2004) ‘The Pinheiro Principles’ (COHRE, 2005) ‘Handbook for Emergencies’ (UNHCR, 2007) 7. Summary

6. Main publications 1. Introduction • ‘Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement’ • (United Nations, 2004) • also called Deng’s Principles • Aims: • to identify the rights and guarantees relevant to • protection of the internally displaced in all phases of • displacement • to provide valuable practical guidance to • governments, other competent authorities, • intergovernmental organisations and NGOs in their work • with internally displaced persons 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Main publications download from reliefweb.int Guiding principles that fill the gaps in international law relating to the rights of internally displaced persons 7. Summary

6. Main publications ‘Housing and Property Restitution for Refugees and displaced persons: Implementing the Pinheiro Principles’ (collaborators: OCHA, OHCHR, UN-Habitat, UNHCR, FAO, NRC) 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application • Aims: • to strengthen the protection of restitution rights • to provide guidance on the international standards governing implementation of housing, land and property restitution programmes • to promote durable solutions for internally displaced persons and refugees 5. Limitations 6.Main publications (currently at press) The handbook provides practical guidance to all those working on housing and property restitution issues 7. Summary

6. Main publications ‘Shelter After Disaster: Guidelines for assistance’ (UNDRO, 1982) 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context • Aims: • to provide policy and programme guidelines for the provision of shelter after disaster • to assist in finding solutions to shelter issues which reflect the specific needs of the affected population 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Main publications download from ochaonline.un.org A series of applicable, practical principles are included in this publication 7. Summary

6. Agreed standards ‘Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response’ (The Sphere Project, 2004) 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context • Aims: • to guide and inform decisions at all levels of response in a humanitarian emergency • improve the quality of assistance • enhance the accountability of implementing agencies to both beneficiaries and programme donors 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards download from sphereproject.org Practical guidance notes and checklists are included in this publication 7. Summary

6. Agreed standards The four components of the ‘Sphere standards’ 1. Introduction 2. Experience 1: the Charter outlines the core principles of humanitarian action 3. Context 4. Application 2: the common standards apply to all sectors 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 3: technical chapters offer specific standards and indicators 4: the annexes include legal instruments and the IFRC code of conduct download from sphereproject.org 7. Summary

6. Agreed standards 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards Refer to Handout 2 for more details 7. Summary

6. Agreed standards • ‘Handbook for Emergencies’ (UNHCR, 2007) • Aims: • provide guidelines for the provision of protection to those covered by the mandate of UNHCR • meet the shelter-related and settlement-related needs of persons who are of concern to UNHCR • ensure that the necessary assistance reaches the affected population in good time 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards download from unhcr.org Practical guidance notes and checklists are included in this publication 7. Summary

6. Agreed standards 1. Introduction Section 1: aims and principles of emergency response 2. Experience 3. Context Section 2: covers all vital sectors and problems areas, including site selection, planning and shelter 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards Section 3: support in field operations, administration and planning Appendices: ‘toolbox’ of standards, indicators and references used throughout the book download from unhcr.org 7. Summary

6. Agreed standards The term ‘standard’ is used in different ways by the two leading texts 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context Standards: based on right to dignified life, qualitative in form and universally applicable to all operational environments Indicators:qualitativeor quantitative tools for measuring the appropriateness and impact of applied standards 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards Terms usedvary between agreed standards Standards: determined by UNHCR, governments and partners, often quantitative in form 7. Summary

6. Agreed standards:comparison Comparison of key texts with respect to camp & settlement planning & shelter specific standards 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7. Actions

6. Agreed standards:comparison Comparison of key texts with respect to camp & settlement planning & shelter specific standards 1. Introduction 2. Experience 3. Context 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7. Summary

7. Summary:session review 1. Introduction International response standards relevant to the shelter needs 2. Experience 3. Context ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ 4. Application How standards and principles fit into a wider legal framework 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7. Summary Rules for the effective use of standards What have you learnt from the session? Variations between standards and indicators

7. Summary:lessons learnt Key learning points 1. Introduction 2. Experience • understandings of standards, principles, and legal • frameworks must be integrated into strategic • planning • that agreed standards and principles form a small • component of the larger legal framework • that standards are not comprehensive • four rules for the effective use of standards • how standards and indicators are seen in two • different ways by the two leading texts • that standards must often be adapted to suit the • specific context of the response 3. Context 4. Application 5. Limitations 6.Agreed standards 7. Summary What have you learnt from the session?

Emergency Shelter Technical Issues: Standards

Emergency Shelter Technical Issues: Standards

Presentation Transcript

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