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Two Network Types Defined by DISTANCE

Two Network Types Defined by DISTANCE. LAN WAN. NETWORKS. LAN LOCAL AREA NETWORK. LAN. Ethernet A particular type of LAN. Workstations microcomputers minicomputers workstations mainframes terminals supercomputers Servers (optional) Media. Interfaces circuit boards

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Two Network Types Defined by DISTANCE

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  1. Two Network Types Defined by DISTANCE LAN WAN

  2. NETWORKS LAN LOCAL AREA NETWORK

  3. LAN Ethernet A particular type of LAN

  4. Workstations microcomputers minicomputers workstations mainframes terminals supercomputers Servers (optional) Media Interfaces circuit boards network adapter NIC – network interface card Gateways connect dissimilar parts of a network Bridges connect similar parts of a network Network Components (LAN)

  5. Media - cables • Twisted pair • inexpensive • least reliable • easiest to install • what is used in telephone lines • slow

  6. Media - cables • Coaxial • more reliable • what is used in cable TV • harder to install • faster

  7. Media - cables • Fiber optic • works with light waves (lasers) • most reliable • most expensive • fastest • most difficult to work with • becoming the media of choice

  8. TOPOLOGIES Physical design of a network

  9. Three LAN topologies: • BUS • STAR • RING

  10. Bus Single cable Easy to install No server

  11. Ring Single connected cable Break does not destroy all the connections Usually does not have a server

  12. Star Individual cables Easiest to trouble shoot Has a server

  13. Network Protocols rules for communicating Specifies - type of topology handshake synchronous/asynchronous transmission how data will be packaged

  14. 3 Protocol Classifications • Polling • CSMA/CD • Token ring

  15. Polling • Goes to each workstation in turn • Assures that all work stations will access • Problem if there are many workstations

  16. CSMA/CD • Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection • Workstations try to seize the network when they want to access • Problem if two workstations want to access at the same time

  17. Token Ring • Token - electronic device • Token circulates around network • Token is either free or has a message • If it has a message, goes to the receiver and back to sender before continuing

  18. Network Software Operating system of the network

  19. Resides on server • Controls file transfers • Controls hardware sharing • Controls uploading/downloading of files • May include: • electronic mail • performance analyzation software • security software • diagnostic routines

  20. LAN Ethernet Most widely used type of LAN

  21. Characteristics • Coax cable • High volume of transmission for short distances

  22. Characteristics • Special hardware • Transceiver – connects nodes to network • Interface – performs data conversions from a byte to a series of bits • Repeater – strengthens and retimes the signals

  23. Characteristics • Uses CSMA/CD • Controller – determines when to activate communications between nodes

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