Part III: Chemical Senses- Taste & Smell

1. Part III: Chemical Senses-Taste & Smell Group 5:Mackenzie Mckey, Bentley Olson, Emily Shay, Taylor Outland, Alexis Lanning

2. To Get Started… • Receptors for taste and olfaction, are classified as chemoreceptors • Receptors for taste and smell complement one another and the thousands of olfactory receptors are about the size of a stamp on the roof of nasal cavities

3. Keep Listening… • Olfactory receptor cells are neurons equipped with olfactory hairs, long cilia in the nasal epithelium continually covered in a layer of mucus • When olfactory receptors are triggered, they transmit impulses along olfactory filaments, bundled axons of olfactory neurons making up the olfactory nerve

4. Loss of senses… • Though its possible to have taste/smell deficits, most people are just experiencing a loss of chemical senses, calledanosmias • Anosmiascan result from head injury, colds, allergies, smoking, or aging • Olfactory Auras, olfactory hallucinations, are experienced by epileptics before they have a seizure

5. Taxare=Taste • There are around 10,000 taste buds (specific receptors for sense of taste) most found on the large, round circumvallate papillae and the tops of numerous fungiform papillae (little specs on tongue) • Specific cells that respond to chemicals in saliva are epithelial cells called gustatory cells which have long, microvilli called gustatory hairs that potrude through taste pores

6. Continued… • The facial nerve serves the anterior part of the tongue. The other cranial nerves, glossopharyngeal and vagus, serve the other taste buds • Basal Cells are those that every 7-10 days replace taste bud cells, they are found in the deeper areas in taste buds

7. 5 Taste Sensations… • Sweet receptors- sugars, saccharine, ect. • Sour receptors- hydrogenions, acidity • Bitter receptors- alkaloids • Salty receptors- metal ions in a solution • Umami- delicious taste discovered by Japanese, glutamate, monosodium glutamate

8. THE END