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普适计算

普适计算. Ubiquitous/pervasive/calm computing Mark Weiser 1991. 内容. 定义 以人为本 心理学角度 当前的趋势 信息时代 解决信息爆炸 具体分析 参考. 以人为本. 使技术消失，人们无意识的使用 将计算机集成到环境中，人们可以在移动中和计算机更加自然的交互 使设备感知环境的变化，自动适应，按照人们的喜好响应. 心理学角度. 当前的趋势. 信息时代. 更多信息，更快的传播 普遍应用基于硅的信息技术 无处不在的个人电脑 - 计算机墙，加大数字鸿沟. 信息时代. 信息时代.

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普适计算

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  1. 普适计算 Ubiquitous/pervasive/calm computing Mark Weiser 1991

  2. 内容 • 定义 • 以人为本 • 心理学角度 • 当前的趋势 • 信息时代 • 解决信息爆炸 • 具体分析 • 参考

  3. 以人为本 使技术消失，人们无意识的使用 将计算机集成到环境中，人们可以在移动中和计算机更加自然的交互 使设备感知环境的变化，自动适应，按照人们的喜好响应

  4. 心理学角度

  5. 当前的趋势

  6. 信息时代 • 更多信息，更快的传播 • 普遍应用基于硅的信息技术 • 无处不在的个人电脑-计算机墙，加大数字鸿沟

  7. 信息时代

  8. 信息时代 • 使计算无处不在，贴近生活 • 硬件(半导体)公司致力于更小的设备 • 通信公司致力于更快的连接 • 信息技术公司致力于方便的信息处理

  9. 解决信息爆炸 • 你可以通过个人电脑集中的处理信息，但是太多信息了 • 将来会有更多的信息，但是在无处不在的计算设备中有效的自动处理和流动，使环境自己调节 • 科技使信息流到外围，而非人

  10. 具体分析 • 软件即服务 更自然的使用软件 • Utility Computing应用程序服务 按需使用 • 信息家电，手机…

  11. 参考 • http://www.ubiq.com/hypertext/weiser/UbiHome.html • http://www.research.ibm.com/compsci/mobile/ • http://www.mywiseowl.com/articles/Ubiquitous_computing • http://www.openmobilealliance.org • Georgia Institute of Technology • http://www.cc.gatech.edu/classes/AY2000/cs7470_spring/

  12. ubicom

  13. Augmented reality

  14. example • Unattached but always connected • ever-smaller information appliances. • a wristwatch computer that provides a display with VGA resolution, RF and IR connectivity, and that uses Linux as the operating system (See HCI on page 48). Within the context of this aggressively small platform, we are investigating connectivity, user interfaces, embedded-system software design, power management, displays and packaging. Our research focuses on technologies and components of general use in small-form-factor information appliances.

  15. Ubiquitous computing • Examples • Barcode • GPS-equipped automobiles that give interactive driving directions • RFID store checkout systems.

  16. Future computing world • Internet should be anywhere not only on PC. just like chips. • PC is a very rough draft to make info digitalized and up to global info flow. • It is an example but absolutely not all.

  17. Ubiquitous Computing • Ubiquitous computing is roughly the opposite of virtual reality. Where virtual reality puts people inside a computer-generated world, ubiquitous computing forces the computer to live out here in the world with people. Virtual reality is primarily a horse power problem; • ubiquitous computing is a very difficult integration of human factors, computer science, engineering, and social sciences

  18. Digital divide is malicious. • Virtually all of the defining technologies of the information age developed in Silicon Valley -- computing, information storage, networking, software -- have had little beneficial impact in the developing world.

  19. The Tacit Dimensionfrom philospher Polanyi’s book by same name • Imagine strapping toilet tubes to your eyes and walking around for two hours • lots of surprises

  20. The periphery informs and creates the center • The periphery is the “tacit” dimension to thinking and understanding • Digital technology tends to deliver information to the center, and strips off the periphery • causing flame-wars in email… • The tacit is easy to forget…but without it nothing gets done

  21. The Flow State and the Tacit Dimension • If you work uninterruptedly on a sufficiently interesting problem: • you forget where you are • time passes quickly • your unconscious (tacit) mind rallies to make you smart

  22. Successes of Humanities-Inspired C.S. • Psychology+computerGUI • “60’s”+computer PC • postmodern+computer Ubicomp

  23. Principles

  24. Visibility Challenge

  25. Misc • Ubiquitous systems are a superset of the • problems of autonomic management.

  26. the opposite of virtual reality • virtual reality puts people inside a computer-generated world, • ubiquitous computing forces the computer to live out here in the world with people..

  27. Location Based Services

  28. Intelligent Objects and Environments • Sensor Telemetry • RFID/Silent Commerce • Mobile Computing • Intelligent Home Services

  29. misc • digital pen and paper technology as one emerging technology that could enhance their business processes

  30. Micro-Scale Devices • Micro-clectro-mechanical systems MEMS • Opto-electronics

  31. Smart Matter Integrated Systems • The integrated systems program builds on continuing developments in computation and devices. The combination of sensors and actuators plus PARC's expertise in distributed computing may offer both lower-cost manufacturing and better performance than even the most highly toleranced systems today.

  32. Micro-Scale Devices • Projects take advantage of developments that allow micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and opto-electronics to replace traditional devices and subsystems. Work is aimed at developing new forms of micro-structures as well as leveraging both new and traditional forms in novel ways.

  33. Mobile & Wireless • Work in this area is helping reduce the complexity of interacting with large numbers of mobile and wireless devices, increasing the security of the future, computationally embedded environment, and making information and mobile services widely available

  34. HCI human computer interaction • Windows • Next What ? • Much powerful machine • speech/voice understanding of neuroscience & human cognition

  35. Work changing

  36. End to end

  37. Future windows

  38. Presence independent of location

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