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Humanist Psychology

Dive into humanist psychology's principles, focusing on self-actualization and the paths to realizing one's potential. Explore Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, traits of self-actualized individuals, Carl Rogers' self-theory, and the significance of conditions of worth.

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Humanist Psychology

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  1. Humanist Psychology • A school of psychology that emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of maximum potential by each unique individual. • Stress our ability to create and live by personal standards and perceptions. • Based on belief that all humans strive for self-actualization. • Life is a conscious experience and we freely choose how we spend our lives.

  2. Self-Actualization • Realization of our potential as unique human beings • To reach ones full potential • Be true to oneself • Everyone is unique and must follow their own path to self-actualization • Involves risk

  3. Abraham Maslow • Based theory on healthy, creative, self-actualized people who fully utilized their talents and potential. • Self Actualization • Hierarchy of Needs

  4. Traits of Self-Actualized Persons • Perceive reality accurately • Accept themselves, other people, and their environments more readily than most people • Accept themselves as they are • More problem-centered than self-centered • Base decisions on ethical principles • Strong sense of humor • Spontaneous • Autonomous • Appreciate the simple things • Creative and Original • (See chart 14.12 on page 393 for complete list of Characteristics of Self-Actualized People)

  5. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs • Physiological • Hunger, Thirst, Warmth, Rest, Shelter • Physical Safety • Love and Belongingness • Self- Esteem • Self-Actualization

  6. Carl Rogers • Primarily concerned with the path to self-actualization or “full functioning”. • Believed people suffer from a conflict between what they value in themselves and what they believe other people value in them. • Self or Self-Concept • Congruence • Self-Esteem • Positive Regard • Conditions of Worth • Unconditional Positive Regard • Fully Functioning

  7. Carl Rogers’ Self Theory • Believed people are to some degree the conscious architects of their own personality • People shape their personalities through free choice and action • Involves a persons sense of self

  8. Self-Concept • A view of oneself as an individual. • Recognizing one’s values and establishing a sense of one’s relationships to other people. • Self is the guiding principle behind personality and behavior. • Self is the center of each person’s experiences • Acquired over many years by observing how other people react to you

  9. Congruence • Key to happiness and healthy adjustment • Congruence is consistency between one’s self-concept and one’s experience.

  10. Self-Esteem • Self-esteem is the belief in oneself, or self-respect. • At first it reflects the esteem others have for us • Parents help children develop self-esteem by showing unconditional positive regard

  11. Positive Regard • Viewing oneself in a positive light due to positive feedback received from interaction with others

  12. Unconditional Positive Regard • Unconditional Positive Regard – is when one is accepted as they are, regardless of the temporary behavior or situation. • Conditional Positive Regard – is when one is accepted only when they behave in a desired manner.

  13. Impact of Conditional Positive Regard • It is thought that CPR may lead children to think that they are only worthwhile only if they behave in certain ways. • That will lead them to be disappointed in themselves. • Humanist believe that we cannot fully live up to the wishes of others and also remain true to ourselves. • Children in some families learn it is bad to have their own ideas and will start to feel bad about themselves.

  14. Conditions of Worth • The conditions a person must meet in order to regard himself or herself positively. • See yourself as good or worthy only if you act in a certain way • Learn that you will only be loved if you meet certain conditions.

  15. “Fully Functioning” • An individual whose person and self coincide. • Being able to accept your person and become open to all your feelings, thoughts, and experiences

  16. Person-Centered Therapy • The path to self-actualization requires getting in touch with our genuine feelings and acting on them. • True to Self

  17. Evaluation • Stress Human Freedom • Conscious Experience • Cannot be studied because CE is private and subjective • Doesn’t address the development of traits or personality types. • Describe behavior rather than explain it

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