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Biodegradable Plastics

Biodegradable Plastics. Marina Dickens November 10 th , 2004. Plastics. “Make it possible” Almost indestructible and impermeable PET (polyethylene terephthalate) Alternatives: Starch Polyester Food waste. Poly L-Lactic Acid (PLA).

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Biodegradable Plastics

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  1. Biodegradable Plastics Marina Dickens November 10th, 2004

  2. Plastics • “Make it possible” • Almost indestructible and impermeable • PET (polyethylene terephthalate) • Alternatives: • Starch • Polyester • Food waste

  3. Poly L-Lactic Acid (PLA) • Uses: packaging, fibers, carpeting, noted resistance to microbes • MP 175°C • Production: • Totally synthetic • Recycled food waste

  4. Propionic Acid Fermentation Propionibacterium freundenreichii

  5. Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucoamylase ; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Water

  6. Purification of L-Lactic Acid + waste Butyl lactate Water, heat +

  7. Distillation-Crystallization catalyst catalyst

  8. Biodegradability: Initial studies • Chemical: hydrolysis • Enzymatic: ester bond cleavage by proteinases and lipases • PLA after 45 days: 30% biodegradation

  9. Benefits • Less landfill material • Less methane release from food waste decomposition • Reduction from 270 metric tons fossil fuel • Compensate for higher energy use (39.5 v 27 MJ/kg) • Reduction in fossil fuel-derived CO2 (burning)

  10. References • Sakai, K. et al. “Making Plastics from Garbage: A Novel Process for Poly-L-Lactate Productino from Municipal Food Waste.” Journal of Industrial Ecology. V 7; No 3-4; p 63-74; 2004. • Stevens, E.S. “What Makes Green Plastics Green?” BioCycle. V 44; no 3; p 24-27; March 2003. • Wang, Xiu-Li et al. “Properties of Starch Blends with Biodegradable Polymers.” Journal of Macromolecular Science. V C43; No 3; pp 385-409; 2003.

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