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All Speakers Must:

Enhance debating skills with evidence, reasoning, cross-examination, and real-world perspective. Organized speaking order and speaker duties are included.

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All Speakers Must:

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  1. All Speakers Must: • Prove their arguments with evidence and reasoning

  2. All Speakers Must: • Prove their arguments with evidence and reasoning • Flow the entire debate

  3. All Speakers Must: • Prove their arguments with evidence and reasoning • Flow the entire debate • Ask tight, close-ended questions during their Cross Examination

  4. All Speakers Must: • Prove their arguments with evidence and reasoning • Flow the entire debate • Ask tight, close-ended questions during their Cross Examination • Put the debate in a real-world perspective

  5. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min)

  6. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min)

  7. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min)

  8. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min)

  9. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min)

  10. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min) CX BY 1NC (3 min)

  11. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min) CX BY 1NC (3 min) 2NC (8 min)

  12. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min) CX BY 1NC (3 min) 2NC (8 min) CX BY 2AC (3 min)

  13. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min) CX BY 1NC (3 min) 2NC (8 min) CX BY 2AC (3 min) 1NR (4 – 5 min)

  14. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min) CX BY 1NC (3 min) 2NC (8 min) CX BY 2AC (3 min) 1NR (4 – 5 min) 1AR (4 – 5 min)

  15. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min) CX BY 1NC (3 min) 2NC (8 min) CX BY 2AC (3 min) 1NR (4 – 5 min) 1AR (4 – 5 min) 2NR (4 – 5 min)

  16. Speaking Order 1AC (8 min) CX BY 2NC (3 min) 1NC (8 min) CX BY 1AC (3 min) 2AC (8 min) CX BY 1NC (3 min) 2NC (8 min) CX BY 2AC (3 min) 1NR (4 – 5 min) 1AR (4 – 5 min) 2NR (4 – 5 min) 2AR (4 – 5 min)

  17. 1st Affirmative • Should be the most organized of the team • Should know the case as much as your colleague • Should be able to present and appeal to any judge (Lay, Flow, Flay) • Should be able to predict the Negative Strategy to not give up ground in CX

  18. Speaker Duties: 1st Affirmative • 1st Affirmative Constructive:

  19. Speaker Duties: 1st Affirmative • 1st Affirmative Constructive: • Read case & plan; nearly memorized

  20. Speaker Duties: 1st Affirmative • 1st Affirmative Constructive: • Read case & plan; nearly memorized • Be prepared to explain all evidence, evidence sources, and plan elements

  21. Speaker Duties: 1st Affirmative • 1st Affirmative Constructive: • Read case & plan; nearly memorized • Be prepared to explain all evidence, evidence sources, and plan elements

  22. Speaker Duties: 1st Affirmative • 1st Affirmative Constructive: • Read case & plan; nearly memorized • Be prepared to explain all evidence, evidence sources, and plan elements

  23. 1st Negative • Should be able to listen to CX by 2NC and plan the Negative Strategy as a team • Reserve at least 1 minute of prep time to confer with your colleague about your team strategy • Should be able to take an accurate flow • Should be well-organized

  24. 1st Negative • Begin with a Story for your Judge which outlines your Negative position • Establish a logical order of argumentation • Topicality is Always First • Case Arguments are expected by Lay Judges • Plan Attacks: Justification, Spending, Federal Agencies Inefficient, Timeline • Case Attacks: Lack of Solvency, Inherency

  25. 1st Negative • For Lay Judges, choose Off-Case Arguments which won’t take a lot of time to explain • Choose and practice a simple way of explaining the argument • Know your Audience (what will appeal to them) • Establish how to Evaluate it in the Round

  26. Speaker Duties: 1st Negative • 1st Negative Constructive:

  27. Speaker Duties: 1st Negative • 1st Negative Constructive: • Launch Topicality or other observations of where affirmative fails its basic burdens

  28. Speaker Duties: 1st Negative • 1st Negative Constructive: • Launch Topicality or other observations of where affirmative fails its basic burdens • Refute Case Side POINT BY POINT

  29. Speaker Duties: 1st Negative • 1st Negative Constructive: • Launch Topicality or other observations of where affirmative fails its basic burdens • Refute Case Side POINT BY POINT • Harms, Significance

  30. Speaker Duties: 1st Negative • 1st Negative Constructive: • Launch Topicality or other observations of where affirmative fails its basic burdens • Refute Case Side POINT BY POINT • Harms, Significance • Inherency: S.Q. COULD fix; hasn’t b/c of 2NC disads

  31. Speaker Duties: 1st Negative • 1st Negative Constructive: • Launch Topicality or other observations of where affirmative fails its basic burdens • Refute Case Side POINT BY POINT • Harms, Significance • Inherency: S.Q. COULD fix; hasn’t b/c of 2NC disads • Launch shells for solvency or disads for 2NC

  32. 2nd Affirmative • Should be the most Personable of the team • Should be able to spread without going fast • Should be able to weave a story for the judge • Should be able to persuade easily • Should always appear confident

  33. 2nd Affirmative • 2nd Affirmative Constructive:

  34. 2nd Affirmative • 2nd Affirmative Constructive: • Answer all 1NC case arguments

  35. 2nd Affirmative • 2nd Affirmative Constructive: • Answer all 1NC case arguments • Extend (New evidence/analysis) case harms, significance, inherency, maybe solvency

  36. 2nd Affirmative • 2nd Affirmative Constructive: • Answer all 1NC case arguments • Extend (New evidence/analysis) case harms, significance, inherency, maybe solvency • Add-on extra advantages (beyond advantages in 1AC)

  37. 2nd Negative • Should be able to work with teammate to set up the Negative Strategy in CX • Should be able to take a good Flow • Should be able to anticipate your teammate’s needs • Should be able to actively listen throughout the round • Should be able to Summarize the debate for your Judge

  38. 2nd Negative • Constructive

  39. 2nd Negative • Constructive • Launch any topicality or overviews NOT initiated by 1NC

  40. 2nd Negative • Constructive • Launch any topicality or overviews NOT initiated by 1NC • Launch Plan Attacks against aff’s plan:

  41. 2nd Negative • Constructive • Launch any topicality or overviews NOT initiated by 1NC • Launch Plan Attacks against aff’s plan: • Solvency arguments grouped 1 – x

  42. 2nd Negative • Constructive • Launch any topicality or overviews NOT initiated by 1NC • Launch Plan Attacks against aff’s plan: • Solvency arguments grouped 1 – x • Disadvantages grouped 1 – x

  43. 2nd Negative • Constructive • Launch any topicality or overviews NOT initiated by 1NC • Launch Plan Attacks against aff’s plan: • Solvency arguments grouped 1 – x • Disadvantages grouped 1 – x • Takeover 1 or 2 1NC args (from 2AC answers) to free up 1NR; do NOT repeat or take 1NR’s job away!!!!!!!!!!

  44. 1st Negative Rebuttal • 1st Negative Rebuttal

  45. 1st Negative Rebuttal • 1st Negative Rebuttal • Respond to all 2AC answers to 1NC arguments

  46. 1st Negative Rebuttal • 1st Negative Rebuttal • Respond to all 2AC answers to 1NC arguments • Extend all key 1NC arguments

  47. 1st Negative Rebuttal • 1st Negative Rebuttal • Respond to all 2AC answers to 1NC arguments • Extend all key 1NC arguments • Give the judge the reasons to vote Neg on case-side issues • Make effective use of the “Block”

  48. 1st Affirmative Rebuttal • 1st Affirmative Rebuttal: • Answer all case and plan attacks from 2NC and 1NR • Reserve at least 2 minutes of Prep Time to organize your responses • Keep a detailed flow of the debate • Don’t ignore what you consider to be minor off-case arguments

  49. 1st Affirmative Rebuttal • Only answer the “line by line” if your judge is a flow judge • For lay judges, isolate the important arguments: • Spending Answers (Jobs/Economic Growth) • No Tax Increases • Benefits to Private Citizens • Generic/Non-Specific Negative Attacks

  50. 1st Affirmative Rebuttal • For Flow Judges (or those who claim to have experience in debate): • Follow the same order of the Negative to avoid confusion • Put Topicality on Top • Answer all Off-Case Arguments even with analytics • Group Arguments to Save Time • End with Case “Action is better than Inaction”

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