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Understanding States of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory

Learn about the different states of matter - solids, liquids, gases, and plasma - and how the Kinetic Molecular Theory explains their behavior. Explore properties of each state, changes of state, and examples to deepen your understanding.

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Understanding States of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory

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  1. Ch. 2 - Matter I. States of Matter Kinetic Molecular Theory States of Matter

  2. Definitions: • Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space. • Mass- the amount of matter the object contains. • Which has a greater mass?

  3. A. Kinetic Molecular Theory Particles of matter are always in motion. The kinetic energy (KE) or speed of these particles increases as temperature increases. Bouncy Ball Example

  4. B. Three States of Matter • Solids • very low KE - particles vibrate but can’t move around • fixed shape • fixed volume

  5. B. Three States of Matter • Liquids • low KE - particles can move around but are still close together • variable shape • fixed volume

  6. B. Three States of Matter • Gases • high KE - particles can separate and move throughout container • variable shape • variable volume

  7. Plasma high temperature state in which atoms lose their electrons Ex. the sun B. States of Matter

  8. Properties of the States of Matter

  9. Changes of State Melting – solid to liquid Freezing - liquid to solid Vaporization – liquid to gas Condensation – gas to liquid Sublimation – solid to gas Deposition- gas to solid

  10. Changes of State The same substance can transform into each state of matter by increasing or decreasing in energy. Sublimation Vaporization Melting Condensation Freezing Deposition

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