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Glyphosate Effects on algal population

Glyphosate Effects on algal population. Patrick Keating Pittsburgh Central Catholic High School PJAS 2019 Grade 9. Pesticide Runoff. One of the fastest growing and largest threats to global water resources

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Glyphosate Effects on algal population

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  1. Glyphosate Effects on algal population Patrick Keating Pittsburgh Central Catholic High School PJAS 2019 Grade 9

  2. Pesticide Runoff • One of the fastest growing and largest threats to global water resources • Rainwater collects the excess chemicals, flows into rivers and lakes, causes toxicity and/or eutrophication • Eutrophication results in oxygen crash • Kills many organisms

  3. Herbicide • Used to eliminate unwanted plants • COULD HARM NON-TARGET SPECIES • Could harm aquatic organisms • Could affect algal growth • GLYPHOSATE

  4. ROundup • 2% Glyphosate and isoproplyamine salt • 2% pelagonic acid and related fatty acid • 96% Other ingredients

  5. Glyphosate • Common Herbicide • Main ingredient in Roundup • Kills broad leafed plants and grasses

  6. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii • Round, flat, green algae • Photosynthetic • Found in many places • Can thrive in complete darkness, carbon source • Often used in biological research

  7. Euglena gracilis • Cylinder-shaped, unicellular, green Algae • Found worldwide, typically in fresh water or sewage systems • Photosynthetic, Hetrotroph • Also commonly used in biological research

  8. Purpose • To determine the effects of Roundup on algal population growth

  9. Past Studies • “Combination Effects of Herbicides on Plants and Algae” states that most of the herbicides used were harmful to plants and algae • “Herbicides and Insecticides Effects on Green Algae and Cyanobacteria Strain” stated that the herbicides that were able to be tested were “extremely toxic” to green algae

  10. Hypothesis • Null: Roundup will not have a significant effect on growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii or Euglena gracilis • Alternative: Roundup will have an effect on growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii or Euglena gracilis

  11. Materials • Soil water • Spring water • Spectrophotometer • Hemocytometer • 23 Watt Lightbulb • 13x100 Culture Tubes • Micropipettes (p1000, p200, p20) • Chlamydomonasreinhardtii • Euglena gracilis • Glyphosate • Test Tube rack

  12. Procedure • Made test tube concentrations with both types of Algae, (see Slide 13) • Placed 13x100 culture tubes beneath 23 watt lightbulb for 12 hours a day, complete darkness for other 12 hours • Mix tubes around before measuring in the spectrometer • Measure all thirty tubes in the blanked spectrometer at 430nm (Carolina Science Spectrophotometer) • Cell counts performed from days 11-26-18 to 12-5-18 • On day 10, take Hemocytometer cell counts performed

  13. Test Tube Concentration

  14. Glyphosate Effects on Euglena 8.94E-08 1.13113E-10 2.65759E-06 3.61E-05 2.33515E-15

  15. Glyphosate Effects on Chlamydomonas 1.81486E-10 4.00051E-11 1.94E-10 4.88382E-09 0.727451332

  16. Hemocytometer Readings: Euglena 0% 0.005% 0.05% P Value: 0.00225

  17. Hemocytometer Readings: is Chlamydomonas 0% 0.05% 0.005% P Value: 6.925 E-8

  18. Conclusion • The ANOVA allows null rejection • Different concentrations of Glyphosate significantly effected algal growth for both species of algae • Significant effects on 0.05% concentrations of both algae

  19. Limitations and Extensions • Limitations: • Limited range of exposures • Unnatural environment • Optimal Lighting? • Spectrophotometer evidence not completely reflective of population size • Extensions: • Wider ranges of exposure • More herbicides • Use natural pond • Optimize lighting and care • Synergistic Effects with other chemicals

  20. Bibliography • Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “Euglena.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 27 Dec. 2017, www.britannica.com/science/Euglena. • “Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii.” Science360 News Service | National Science Foundation, news.science360.gov/obj/pic-day/49c9d5f2-c84a-4e13-9b0b-5b8cecbd29df/chlamydomonas-reinhardtii. • “Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii v4.0.” Home - Pseudomonas Fluorescens Pf0-1, genome.jgi.doe.gov/Chlre4/Chlre4.home.html. • Piri, M., and V. Ördog. “Herbicides and Insecticides Effects on Green Algae and Cyanobacteria Strain.” Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, • “Runoff, Factors Affecting.” Water Encyclopedia, www.waterencyclopedia.com/Re-St/Runoff-Factors-Affecting.html. • https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6500177_Combination_effects_of_herbicides_on_plants_and_algae_Do_species_and_test_systems_matter

  21. ANOVA: Euglena (day 6)

  22. ANOVA Chlamydomonas (Day 6)

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