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STRUCTURAL BASICS. STRUCTURAL BASICS . Redundancy Brittleness/ductility Building dynamic behavior Degradation of structural Strength Stiffness Stability . EARTHQUAKE MOVEMENT. DIAGONALLY BRACED FRAME. SHEATHED FRAME. MOMENT-RESISTING FRAME. CRACKING AT GIRDER-COLUMN CONNECTION.
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STRUCTURAL BASICS • Redundancy • Brittleness/ductility • Building dynamic behavior • Degradation of structural • Strength • Stiffness • Stability
MASONRY CONSTRUCTION • Unreinforced brick masonry bearing wall buildings • Unreinforced concrete block masonry bearing wall buildings • Steel-frame with masonry infill buildings • Reinforced masonry buildings
FAILURE OF UNREINFORCED MASONRY PARAPET AND WALL BARRICADED AREA SUBJECT TO FALLING HAZARD
STAIRSTEP CRACKS USUALLY INDICATE UNREINFORCED CONCRETE BLOCK WALL
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL REINFORCING CONCRETE BLOCK MASONRY
BLOCKS PLACED ON END CONTINUOUS VERTICAL JOINT
UNREINFORCED BRICK MASONRY REINFORCED CONCRETE BLOCK
CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION • Structural walls or frames • Cast-in-place or pre-cast • Combinations of the above