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Introduction to Information Systems

Introduction to Information Systems. CIS 2200 Kannan Mohan Department of CIS Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license,

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Introduction to Information Systems

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  1. Introduction to Information Systems CIS 2200 Kannan Mohan Department of CIS Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College

  2. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA

  3. Learning Objectives • Why are we here? • What has changed because of IT?

  4. Fundamental Questions • What is IT? What is IS? • Does IT matter? • If yes, how? • How can organizations use IT to gain competitive advantage? • Why do some IT investments fail while others succeed?

  5. What is an Information System? • Information technology: The hardware and software a business uses to achieve objectives • Information system: Interrelated components that manage information to: • Support decision making and control • Help with analysis, visualization, and product creation

  6. Functions of an Information System

  7. Dimensions of Information Systems Organization Technology Information Systems People

  8. Information Systems Interaction Model 1-8 Source: (Silver et al, 1995)

  9. Radically Changing Business Landscapes • Access to computing and telecommunications • Changing the way firms advertise and people communicate • Lowered computing costs • Pervasive impact of technology – across business disciplines

  10. Radically Changing Business Landscapes • Sophisticated, high-powered computing is turning into a utility via: • Cloud computing • Software as a service • New technologies have also: • Fueled globalization • Fueled data-driven decision making • Raised privacy and security concerns

  11. How has IT impacted…..? • Accounting • Finance • Marketing • HR • Operations • Law

  12. Information Systems Careers • Programmers • Experts in user-interface design, process design, and strategy • Consulting and field engineering • Chief information officer • “C-level” specialties in emerging areas • Chief information security officer (CISO) • Chief privacy officer (CPO)

  13. Business Drivers of Information System • Operational excellence • New products, services, and business models • Customer and supplier intimacy • Improved decision making • Competitive advantage • Survival

  14. Operational Excellence • Improved efficiency results in higher profits • Helping improve efficiency and productivity • E.g. Wal-Mart: • Power of combining information systems and best business practices to achieve operational efficiency—and $348 billion in sales in 2007 • Most efficient store in world as result of digital links between suppliers and stores

  15. New Products, Services, and Business Models • Enabling firms to create new products, services, and business models • Business model: How a company produces, delivers, and sells its products and services • E.g. Music industry • Drastic changes in business models in recent years • Apple: Successful innovations – iPod, iTunes, etc.

  16. Customer and Supplier Intimacy • Customers who are served well become repeat customers who purchase more • Mandarin Oriental hotel • Uses IT to foster an intimate relationship with its customers, keeping track of preferences, etc. • Close relationships with suppliers result in lower costs • JCPenney • IT to enhance relationship with supplier in Hong Kong

  17. Improved Decision Making • Managers being swamped with data that is not timely or helpful • Real-time data improves ability of managers to make decisions • Verizon: Web-based digital dashboard to update managers with real-time data on customer complaints, network performance, and line outages

  18. Competitive Advantage • Often results from achieving business objectives • Advantages over competitors: • Charging less for superior products, better performance, and better response to suppliers and customers • Toyota: Uses TPS (Toyota Production System) to achieve high levels of efficiency and quality

  19. Survival • Investment in IS out of necessity • Simply the cost of doing business • Keeping up with competitors - ATMs? • Federal and state regulations and reporting requirements

  20. Summary • How can IT transform your business? • How has IT impacted the various areas of business? • What are the key business drivers for IS? • What are the dimensions and functions of IS?

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