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Elly de Bruijn 18 September 2003. Results of powerful learning environments in vocational education. National context . higher education higher vocational university education (hbo) (havo) (vwo) senior secondary general secondary
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Elly de Bruijn 18 September 2003 Results of powerful learning environments in vocational education
National context higher education higher vocational university education (hbo) (havo) (vwo) senior secondary general secondary vocational education education 2e stage (mbo) (havo & vwo) preparatory vocational general secondary education (vmbo) education 1e stage (havo & vwo) both including basic education
Some statistics 2002 (OC&W) • Mbo all: 455.000 students • Mbo school-based courses: 266.400 students • Mbo-school-based courses qualification level 3 &4 (sedoc-level 4): 208.500 students • 50.000 graduates 3&4: 22% entering hbo • upper general secondary education (havo/vwo): 183.700 students • 7% havo-graduates entering mbo 3&4; 18% of unqualified havo-outflow entering mbo 3&4; 3% mbo 1&2 • 65.500 1e years students hbo: • 40% havo-graduates and 7% vwo-graduates; 23% mbo-graduates, 21% indirect, 9% different
Research problem • General terms: The relationship between concrete educational practice and student results • More specific: Which effects operational models of ‘powerful learning environments’ as put into practice in vocational education have on course results of students
Research design • 11 case studies: 4 motor mechanics/garage management; 2 processing industry/operators; 5 technical infrastructure/middle management; selection at the basis of a survey • Focus on 2nd year of 4 year courses: content, program, teaching and learning process • Methodology: multiple sources of evidence, 2 researchers per case, interpretation and definitive coding by 2 researchers • Cohort of students: 200 • Course results: progress and dropout • Analysis: qualitative and quantitative (multilevel analysis - MLwin)
Twofold focus on the outcomes • Descriptive: the observed educational practice in terms of the operational model of ‘powerful learning environments’; discussion of model itself in relation to the characteristics of nowadays vocational education (confronting theory and practice) • Explanatory: the relationship between the observed educational practice and student results and the impact of motivation; interpretation of the results in terms of effectiveness
Ten aspects of powerfulness (1) Program (content and structure): • Developing professional identity is leading principle for selecting content: IDENTITY • Authentic/functional contexts are fun-daments of structuring content: AUTHENTIC • Thematic organized content is related to supportive subject organized content (skill training, underlying knowledge, etc) in designing learning paths: INTEGRATIVE
Ten aspects of powerfulness (2) Processing / learning activities (by students): 4) Constructive learning stressing active, co-operative, explorative learning: CONSTRUCT 5) Reflective learning including articulation, integration and peer coaching: REFLECT Teaching /supporting activities (by trainers, learning material, ICT, etc): 6) Adaptive instruction and modelling: INSTRUCT
Ten aspects of powerfulness (3) 7) Coaching referring to supporting/guiding explorative, co-operative learning by feedback and stimulating reflection: COACH 8) Stimulating self-directed learning by systematic and gradual transfer of regulation of learning: SELF-DIRECT Evaluation 9) Functional assessment: FUNTIONAL 10) Competence-based assessment: SITUATED
TWO CONTROL VARIABLES • Accent on drilling and motivating by rules and order (as opposed to 8): DRILL • Accent on measuring and testing, drawing back on content and teaching strategies: TEST
Effects on progress Progress = % obtained partial qualifications in 2nd year compared to total partial qualifications to obtain 34% explained differences by: • enrollment in courses on motor mechanics: positive effect. • Previous education different: positive effect; • Stimulating self-directed learning: positive effect Without motivation variables identical results
Discussion • Progress and dropout are different criteria, low progress might be interpreted positive: motor mechanics high dropout rate and high progress • Aspects of powerfulness little impact or not yet implemented? • Motivation relates to previous education? • Motivation and innovating educational practice: reverse effects?