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Nail Structure and Growth

Nail Structure and Growth. Cosmetology:. Milady’s Standard Cosmetology. “Only those who dare to fail greatly can ever achieve greatly.”. Robert Francis Kennedy. Objectives. Describe the structure and composition of nails. Discuss how nails grow. The Nail. An appendage of the skin

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Nail Structure and Growth

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  1. Nail Structure and Growth Cosmetology: Milady’s Standard Cosmetology

  2. “Only those who dare to fail greatly can ever achieve greatly.” Robert Francis Kennedy

  3. Objectives • Describe the structure and composition of nails. • Discuss how nails grow.

  4. The Nail • An appendage of the skin • Technical term: onyx

  5. Composition of the Nail • Keratin • Nail plate • Healthy nail • Nail porosity

  6. Nail Anatomy – 6 Parts • Nail bed • Matrix (nail root) • Nail plate (nail body) • Cuticular system • Specialized ligaments • Nail folds

  7. Nail Bed • Skin where nail plate rests • Extends from lunula to free edge • Attached to nail plate • Supplied with many nerves

  8. Nail Matrix • Where nail is formed • Composed of matrix cells • Contains nerves, lymph, blood vessels • Extends from under nail fold (lunula) • Injury to matrix affects growth

  9. Nail Plate • Horny nail plate or body • Rests on nail bed • Formed by matrix cells • Constructed in layers • Free edge extends over tip

  10. Cuticle • Loose and flexible • Seals against foreign matter • Prevents injury and infection

  11. Eponychium and Hyponichium • Eponychium: extension of cuticle at base of nail body that partly overlaps lunula (living tissue). • Hyponychium: thickened skin beneath free edge.

  12. Specialized Ligaments • Attach the nail bed and matrix bed to underlying bone. • Located at base of matrix and around edges of nail bed.

  13. Nail Folds • Folds of normal skin surrounding nail plate • Form nail grooves • Grooves are slits on sides of nail

  14. Nail Growth • Grows forward from matrix • Grows in variety of shapes • Growth is 1/10” per month • Grows faster in summer than winter • Children’s nails grow faster than older people’s

  15. Middle nail grows fastest; thumb slowest • Toenails grow slower than fingernails • Not shed automatically

  16. Nail Malformation • Caused by disease, injury, infection • Fingernail replacement takes 4 – 6 months • Toenail replacement takes 9 – 12 months

  17. Summary and Review • Describe a normal healthy nail. • What is the technical term for nail? • What substance composes the nail plate? • Name the six basic parts of the nail. • What part of the nail contains the nerve and blood supply? • Explain how the nail grows.

  18. Congratulations! You’ve just completed one unit of study toward program completion.

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