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Vegetative Treatment Area Performance and Design Recommendations

Vegetative Treatment Area Performance and Design Recommendations. Joshua W. Faulkner Biological and Environmental Engineering Cornell University. Vegetative Treatment Area (VTA) Function. Surface Processes: Deposition, Infiltration, Volatilization. Zero Discharge.

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Vegetative Treatment Area Performance and Design Recommendations

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  1. Vegetative Treatment Area Performance and Design Recommendations Joshua W. Faulkner Biological and Environmental Engineering Cornell University

  2. Vegetative Treatment Area (VTA) Function Surface Processes: Deposition, Infiltration, Volatilization Zero Discharge N Transformations, Sorption,Vegetative Uptake NO-3–N < 10 mg/L

  3. Shallow: 0.33 mg/L Deep: 0.06 mg/L

  4. VTA with Restrictive Layer FRAGIPAN

  5. WTD: 26 cm WTD: 6 cm

  6. 7.5 hr 11.5 hr 19.5 hr 9.5 hr 13.5 hr 17.5 hr Surface of West VTA – lower water table 25.5 hr 43 hr 66 hr Surface of East VTA – higher water table From: Faulkner, 2009

  7. 7.5 hr 11.5 hr 15.5 hr 9.5 hr 13.5 hr 17.5 hr 19.5 hr 23.5 hr 41 hr 21.5 hr 25.5 hr 43 hr West VTA Shallow East VTA Shallow From: Faulkner, 2009

  8. Kim et al., 2006

  9. Conclusions • Elevated water table = increased concentrated flow paths = pollutant discharge • A VTA design approach is needed in humid climates and soils containing a restrictive layer that accounts for likelihood of complete soil saturation

  10. VTA Model Field 1 - Upslope Field 2 – Wastewater Infiltration Field 3 – Middle of VTA Field 4 – Downslope edge of VTA ROOTZONE SUB-ROOTZONE FRAGIPAN

  11. Design Recommendations Based on Simulations • Increased Ksat and slope increase subsurface lateral flow rates – effectively lowering water table • Deeper soils – increases available storage • Locate VTAs toward the top of a slope – two effects

  12. Lastly…

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