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Earthquakes

Earthquakes. By: Evan Rozet January 21, 2011. 100% chance of an Earthquake. According to the United States Geological Survey, there’s 100% chance of an earthquake today. Though millions of people may never experience an earthquake, they are very common occurrences on this planet.

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Earthquakes

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  1. Earthquakes By: Evan Rozet January 21, 2011

  2. 100% chance of an Earthquake • According to the United States Geological Survey, there’s 100% chance of an earthquake today. • Though millions of people may never experience an earthquake, they are very common occurrences on this planet. • So today—somewhere—an earthquake will occur. • An earthquake can happen.... to ANYONE, ANYWHERE, at ANYTIME!

  3. Chili 1960

  4. Mexico 1985

  5. Turkey 1992

  6. Japan 2004

  7. Haiti 2010

  8. Pakistan 2011 • A powerful earthquake hit southwest Pakistan on Wednesday, but there were no immediate reports of casualties.

  9. Worldwide Occurrence • The United States Geological Survey (USGS) headquartered in Virginia estimates that several million earthquakes occur in the world each year. • Many go undetected because they hit remote areas or have very small magnitudes. • Part of the USGS, the National Earthquake Information Center, now locates about 50 earthquakes a day or about 20,000 a year.

  10. Worldwide Fault Lines

  11. What is an earthquake? • An earthquake forms when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. • The surface where they slip is called the fault plane. • The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. • The size of the earthquake is called its magnitude.

  12. Can scientists predict earthquakes? • NO, and it is unlikely they will ever be able to predict them. • Scientists have tried many different ways of predicting earthquakes, but none have been successful. • On any particular fault, scientists know there will be another earthquake sometime in the future, but they have no way of telling when it will happen... ...even during the World Series!

  13. 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquakealso know as theWorld Series Earthquake San Francisco Bay Area October 17, 1989

  14. Cause of Earthquake • Caused by a slip along the San Andreas Fault, the quake lasted 10-15 seconds and measured 6.9 on the magnitude scale.

  15. World Series Earthquake • The earthquake occurred during the warm-up practice for the 3rd game of the 1989 World Series between both of the Bay Area’s Major League Baseball teams, the Oakland Athletics and the San Francisco Giants.

  16. Effects to People • The quake killed 63 people throughout northern California, injured 3,757 people, and left 3,000-12,000 people homeless.

  17. Effects on Transportation • The earthquake changed the Bay Area’s automobile transportation landscape. • The quake forced retrofitting of all San Francisco Bay Area bridges. • It caused enough damage that some of the freeway system had to be demolished. • Transportation System damages were estimated at $1.8 billion.

  18. Safety Concerns • Fires were caused by downed electrical wires and gas main ruptures.

  19. Damage Done • The quake caused an estimated $6 billion in property damage, becoming one of the most expensive natural disasters in U.S. history at the time. • President George H.W. Bush signed a $3.45 billion earthquake relief package for California.

  20. Four Ways To Plan Ahead • A little knowledge can greatly increase your chances of surviving an earthquake or any other type of hazard: • Stock up on emergency supplies: flashlight, batteries, first aid kit, food, water and cash. • Identify safe places indoors and outdoors. • Teach all family members how to turn off gas, electricity and water. • In case family members are separated from one another, develop an emergency plan. Ask an out-of-state relative or friend to serve as the family contact.

  21. What To Do In An Earthquake • The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) suggests: • If indoors: DROP to the ground, take COVER, and HOLD ON until the shaking stops. • If outdoors: Stay there and move into the open. • If in a moving vehicle: Stop as quickly as possible and stay in the vehicle. • If trapped: Cover your mouth. Tap on a pipe or wall. Shout only as a last resort so you don’t inhale dangerous amounts of dust.

  22. Earthquakes in Florida? YES • The largest earthquake in Florida happened near St. Augustine, Florida January 12, 1879. • Plaster was shaken down and articles were thrown from shelves at St. Augustine and to the south at Daytona Beach. • In Tampa, a trembling motion was followed by a rumbling sound. • The quake was felt from Tallahassee, FL to Savannah, GA. • Two shocks occurred, each lasting 30 seconds.

  23. 100% Chance of an Earthquake An earthquake can happen… to ANYONE, ANYWHERE, at ANYTIME!

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