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Lesson 4-5 LCM: Least Common Multiple

Lesson 4-5 LCM: Least Common Multiple. Multiples. A multiple is formed by multiplying a given number by the counting numbers. The counting numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc . DON’T GET THEM CONFUSED WITH FACTORS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!. Factors are fe w but multiples are many.

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Lesson 4-5 LCM: Least Common Multiple

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  1. Lesson 4-5LCM: Least Common Multiple

  2. Multiples • A multiple is formed by multiplying a given number by the counting numbers. • The counting numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. • DON’T GET THEM CONFUSED WITH FACTORS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! • Factors are few but multiples are many.

  3. Example: List the multiples of 4: • 4 x 1 = 4 • 4 x 2 = 8 • 4 x 3 = 12 • 4 x 4 = 16 • 4 x 5 = 20 • 4 x 6 = 24 So, the multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, etc. Counting Numbers

  4. What are the first five multiples of 13? 13 x 1 =13 13 x 2 = 26 13 x 3 = 39 13 x 4 = 52 13 x 5 = 65 13, 26, 39, 52, 65

  5. Find the Missing Multiples 24 30 • 6, 12, 18, ____, ____ • ___, 6, 9, 12, ____, ____, 21 • ___, 24, 36, 48, 60, ____ 3 15 18 72 12

  6. Least Common Multiple (LCM) • The least common multiple is the smallest number that is common between two lists of multiples.

  7. Method #1:Find the LCM of the numbers by listing the multiples till you find a match • The multiples of 12: • 12 x 1 = 12 • 12 x 2 =24 • 12 x 3 = 36 • 12 x 4 = 48 • 12 x 5 =60 • The multiples of 18: • 18 x 1 = 18 • 18 x 2 = 36 • 18 x 3 = 54 • 18 x 4 = 72 • 18 x 5 = 90

  8. 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 18, 36, 54, 72, 90 The first number you see in both lists is 36. The least common multiple of 12 and 18 is 36.

  9. Example 2: Find the LCM of 9 and 10 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72 81, 90, 99 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 90, 100, 110 If you don’t see a common multiple, make each list go further. The LCM of 9 and 10 is 90

  10. Method #2: Use Prime Factorization • Find the prime factorization of each number • Find the common factors • Multiply all the common factors PLUS the remaining factors together. • Example: Find the LCM of 18 and 30 • 18 = 2 x 3 x 3 • 30 = 2 x 3 x 5 • LCM = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 = 90

  11. Now Let’s review GCF!

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