$Human Genome$

1. $Human Genome$

2. Human Genome Project & Goals • It is an international effort to completely map and sequence the human genome, their are approximately 80,000 genes on the 46 human chromosomes. Genetic Disorders • Cystic Fibrosis • Taysacks Disease • Phenylketonuria

3. Linkage mapping & DNA Fingerprinting • Linkage mapping is a map that shows the location of genes on a chromosome. *DNA Fingerprinting is a new way to identify people. Instead of just using fingerprints they can use your DNA to determine who you are. All they need is a small fragment or your DNA.

4. Gene Therapy • Gene Therapy is the insertion of normal genes into the human cells to correct the genetic disorders.

5. Phenylketonuria • Is a genetic disorder that is characterized by an inability of the body utilize the essential amino acid.

6. SCID & Gene Therapy • SCID (secure combined immune deficiency disease) One kind of SCID is caused by a defect in an enzyme within a specific cell in the immune system. In a gene therapy for this disorder the cells of the immune system are separated from blood samples and the functional gene is added to when the drawback with most current forms of gene therapy is that the gene does not always stay active for a long time, or long life spans, and treatment must be repeated often.

7. Applications for Human genome project & How they diagnose Genetic Disorders • Some are use of the gene therapy and development of new methods of crime detection are current areas of research. They have to locate where the gene is located and know it’s DNA sequence, The diagnosis may be made before birth. The DNA of people with the disorder is analyzed for common patterns that way cells from the fetus or the surrounding fluid get large enough DNA. They are grown in nutrient medium until many cells have formed.