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This workshop explores the challenges of developing knowledge-intensive low carbon transitions in urban contexts, examining the consequences of these transitions. It discusses the role of urban governance, ecological security, and knowledge exchange in shaping low carbon urban futures.
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Developing Knowledge-Intensive Low Carbon Transitions.Contexts, Challenges and Consequences Simon Marvin and Beth Perry http://www.surf.salford.ac.uk “Cities of Tomorrow”Workshop 1: Urban Challenges European Commission, DG Regional Policy Tuesday 29th June 2010
Urban and Regional Governance Urban Ecological Security Urban Knowledge Exchange Cities of Tomorrow Urban Transitions Knowledge Regions and Cities The Future of Universities Low Carbon Urban Futures SURF’s Work
Argument • Contexts: • Knowledge and Sustainability in Multi-Scalar, Multi-Actor Environments • Challenges: • Eg.Greater Manchester’s Attempts to Build Low-Carbon Knowledge Economies • Consequences: • Knowledge for Sustainability: Populating the ‘Missing Middle’
Knowledge Economy and Technological Change Climate Change and Resource Constraint Globalisation and (Sub)Regionalisation + + Urban Paradigms Economic, Scientific, Socio-Cultural, Ecological and Political Rationales Models of National (Knowledge) Capitalism + Governance Systems + Research Systems Urban Potentials Choices, Capacities and Capabilities Transition Journeys + Emerging Priorities + Turning Points Urban Policies Strengths and Weaknesses of Existing Approaches A Framework of Understanding
Manchester: Low Carbon Economic Positioning • Positioning Manchester as low carbon first mover • To avoid the economic costs of inaction on climate change and to move rapidly to accrue the economic opportunities and benefits • To maintain a perceived view of Manchester as entrepreneurially pre-eminent as viewed by comparator cities and national government • Attracting investment and providing business support • The provision of relevant forms of support in relation to this agenda for businesses • The promotion of inward investment • A test-bed for national targets • GM Dec 2009 UK’s 4th LCEA & 1st LCEA for Built Environment • Draft prospectus claims - contribute to saving 6 million tn CO2 - support 34,800 jobs & exemplar for region & UK • Designation requires GM work with BIS, DECC, Carbon Trust, EST, NWDA etc • Position GM to attract investment – and showcase the achievement of national targets
Manchester’s Knowledge/Innovation Journey • Co-evolution and multi-level interactions • Broad visions, traditional interpretations • First-mover status; test-bed and pilot for new models • Glocal aspirations: excellence, relevance • Assumptions about knowledge, innovation, space and scale
An (E)Merging Agenda? Some overlaps: • ‘Innovation’; ‘scale’; ‘multi-arena partnerships’ • E.g. IIF: carbon co-op, proposal for low carbon economic area, smart city and ‘living labs’ • E.g. Low Carbon Economic Area for Built Environment – inc. ‘low carbon laboratory’ • Conceptualisation of cities as sites of experimentation But similarities are greater in the framing of the issues than in an exploration of synergies and possibilities Knowledge economy / low carbon economy as ‘economic’ opportunity
‘Missing Middle’ between expectations, capacities and capability Devolution of responsibility without resource Social processes characterised by ‘making do or improvisation’. Research resources used to inform standalone evaluation rather than city-regional learning. Poor communication amongst stakeholders about knowledge needs leads to inefficient use of resources. Weak mechanisms for mediating between stakeholders and HEIs in understanding how needs and responses could be mutually constructed An absence of a space for thinking without consequence to develop, test and critique ideas and policies in a structured and systematic way Gaps in Understanding: A ‘Missing Middle’
Configuring discourses and visions? Assumptions and presumptions? Cities as passive or active, receiving or mediating sites of activity? Local experiments, upscaling and managed systemic transitions? Actors involved, how positioned, coalitions of power and interest? Capacities and capabilities of different cities to respond? Social and material consequences of transitions? Where is the space for alternatives to be discussed, conceived and implemented, by whom and with what effects? What knowledge is needed and how to inform more sustainable knowledge-based futures? Challenges