WORLD CINEMA EMPIRE

1. WORLD CINEMA EMPIRE

2. HOLLYWOOD • The world capital of film entertainment Los Angeles has been a lot of things over the past 100 years.First it was a little city with orange forest and great weather

3. But, one day in 1908 a group of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Since that day a lot of directors, producers, actors and thousands of other workers have been coming to Los Angeles. In 1911 the first studio appeared in Hollywood.

4. In the 1920s Hollywood made 80% of the world’s films. Silent and black-and-white films of those early years starring Mary Pickfordand Charlie Chaplinwere forced out by sound films in the middle of the 1920s.

5. CHARLIE CHAPLIN Charlie Chaplin (Charles Spencer) is an English Film actor and director. He made his reputation as a tramp with a small black moustache, bowler hat, and twirling cane in silent comedies from the mid-1910s, including “The Rink”(1916), “The Kid”(1920), “The Gold Rush”(1925)

6. MARY PICFORD Mary Pickford (1893-1979) is thestage name of Gladys Mary Smith. She was a Canadian-born actress. The first star of silent films, she was known as “America’s Sweetheart”, and played the roles of innocent girls into her thirties.

7. Full-length films came up to take place of short films. And the first colour film, Gone With the Wind, was shot in 1939. This film brought a great success to Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable who starred in the film.

8. VIVIEN LEIGH Vivien Leigh(1913-1967) is the stage name of Vivien Mary Hartley. She was Indian-born English actress. She appeared on the stage in London and New York, and won Academy Awards for her performances as Scarlett O’Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939) and as Blanche du Bois in A Streetcar Named Desire (1951). Her other films include Lady Hamilton (1941), Anna Karenina (1948).

9. CLARK GABLE Clark Gable (1901-1960) is an American film actor. He was a star for more than 30 years in 90 films. He was celebrated for romantic roles such as Rhett Butler in Gone with the Wind(1939).

10. The number of the studios grew very quickly. They combined in large corporations and now the biggest film companies are MGM, Paramount, 20th Century Fox, Columbia Pictures, Warner Bros, and Universal.

11. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) is a US film-production company. It is one of the most powerful Hollywood studios of the 1930s-1950s. It produced such prestige films as David Copperfield (1935) and The Wizard of Oz(1939). Among its stars were Greta Garbo, James Stewart, Elizabeth Taylor.

12. Paramount Picture is a US film production and distribution company. It was founded in 1912. Paramount was a major studio from the silent days of the cinema. It was adept discovering new talents.

13. 20th Century Fox is a US film-production company. It was formed in 1935. The company made high-quality films and it is still a major studio.

14. Соlumbia Pictures is a US film production and ditribution company. It was founded in 1924. It grew out of a smaller company founded in 1920 by Harry Corn.Coluambia became a major studio by the 1940s.

15. Warner Bros is a US production company. It was founded in 1923 by Harry, Albert, Sam, and Jack Warner. It become one of the major Hollywood studios after releasing the first talking film, The Jazz Singer (1927).

16. Universal is a US film studio. It was founded in 1915. In the 1970s and 1980sUniversal became one of the industry’s leaders with box-office hits from the producer and director Steve Spielberg such as ET (1982) and Back to the Future (1985).

17. CHECK YOURSELF • 1. In 1908 a group of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot films; grow oranges;write books. • 2. The world capital of filmed entertainment is Los Angeles;New York;Washington D.C. • 3. The first studio appeared in Hollywood in 1912; 1921; 1911. • 4. In the 1920s Hollywood made … %of the world’s films. 80;60;90. • 5. Mary Pick ford and Charlie Chaplin were the Famous actors of …films. silent and black-and-white; sound; color. • 6. He first colour film,Gone With the Wind, was shot in 1939; 1929; 1919.