What factors might have contributed to the decline in the birthrate?

1. Bell Ringer Thursday 2/23 • What factors might have contributed to the decline in the birthrate? • Has the divorce rate risen sharply or gradually? What factors might contribute to the divorce rate?

2. Reminders • We selected historical figures for our Unit 3 Speed Dating Project yesterday- if you were absent, see me to select your historical figure. Details on project assignment are on my website. Due 3/2 (Formal grade) • HW tonight- Women’s Suffrage DBQ (as noted on outline---- will be done in class instead. Consider it an early St. Patrick’s day present… you’re welcome )

3. Bell ringer Wednesday September 27th(Match the description with the appropriate muckraker) 1. Wrote Corruption and Reform in St. Louis 2. Wrote the Jungle about unsafe meat. 3. Took pictures of “How the other half lives” 4. Wrote Southern Horrors of Lynching 5. Wrote the History of Standard Oil 6. Drew pictures exposing Tammany Hall and other political machines. A) Jacob Riis B) Upton Sinclair C) Ida B. Wells D) Lincoln Steffens E) Thomas Nast F) Ida Tarbell Description Muckraker

4. Unit 3 Quiz • Clear your desk except for a pencil . You don’t need paper, you can write directly on the quiz.

5. Reminders/Announcements • Don’t forget– Unit 2 (Gilded Age) Test is tomorrow. Unit 2 study guide & EC due at the start of class in hard copy form. Test format is the same as our unit 1 test (apx. 30 MC, 3 IDs out of a possible 5 and 1 short answer). • You should be working on your speed dating project at home. That is due on Wednesday 10/4- FORMAL grade. Details on my website.

6. Women in the Progressive Era Essential Question: How do women push for the right to vote in the progressive era?

7. The American Woman Suffrage Movement 1848-1920 Right to vote: Suffrage = Enfranchisement = Franchise

8. Status of Women Pre-Progressive Era • Can’t Vote • Have few rights in court • Can’t hold public office • Rarely win custody • Can’t call for divorce (but can be divorced!) • Only a handful of colleges admit women (for the very wealthy) • Excluded from many jobs

9. Seneca Falls, NY 1848 • In early 1800s, women involved in abolition (no slavery), temperance (no alcohol) • Group of men and women gather in Seneca Falls, NY in 1848 • Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott • Write Declaration of Sentiments

10. Seneca Falls Convention Continued • Purpose of convention: To promote the equality of women, to push for the right to vote and to reject the “Cult of Domesticity” • Cult of Domesticity: Idea that a woman’s place was in the home • Not successful!

12. Fifteenth Amendment, 1871 • Grants African-American men the right to vote • Disappoints many women who thought African American men and women would be enfranchised together • African Americans split over whether men should get vote before women

13. Frederick Douglass, 1869 “When women, because they are women, . . . are dragged from their houses and hung upon lamp posts; when their children are torn from their arms, and their brains dashed upon the pavement . . . then they will have an urgency to obtain the ballot equal to our own.” But was this not true for the black woman? “Yes, yes, yes. It is true for the black woman but not because she is a woman but because she is black!”

14. Sojourner Truth, 1869 “There is a great stir about colored men getting their rights, but not a word about the colored women . . . And if colored men get their rights, and not colored women theirs, you see the colored men will be masters over the women, and it will be just as bad as it was before.”

15. Before 1910 • Women’s suffrage movement splits, but then unites in 1890 • National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) • Big leaders: Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Two big strategies: • Try to win suffrage state-by-state • Try to pass a Constitutional Amendment (but this would need to be ratified by 36 states--or three-fourths)

16. Susan B. Anthony Susan B. Anthony tried several times to introduce an Amendment bill in the late 1800s, but it was always killed in the Senate.

18. Anti-Suffragists: Those who opposed suffrage (many “Anti’s” were women)

19. Arguments of Anti-Suffragists: • Women were high-strung, irrational, emotional • Women were not smart or educated enough • Women should stay at home • Women were too physically frail; they would get tired just walking to the polling station • Women would become masculine if they voted

20. The Next Generation • Elizabeth Cady Stanton died 1902 • Susan B. Anthony died 1906 • But in the early 1900s many young middle-class women were going to college and joining the suffrage movement • Many working-class women also joined the cause, hoping the right to vote would help improve working conditions

21. Safe or Sorry? • Carrie Chapman Catt led the National American Woman Suffrage Association. She believed in: • Careful state-by-state strategy • Support President Wilson even if he doesn’t outright support suffrage (because Democrats were a safer bet than Republicans) • Act ladylike! Don’t embarrass the movement

22. National Woman’s Party • Alice Paul led the National Woman’s Party; believed in more aggressive strategies: • Focused on passing a Constitutional Amendment • Picked up un-ladylike strategies from British suffragists (e.g., heckling politicians, picketing) • Refused to support President Wilson if he wouldn’t support woman suffrage • NWP members were arrested for picketing in front of the White House; they were put in jail, went on a hunger strike and were force-fed

23. The National Women’s Party Alice Paul

24. 19th Amendment, 1920 “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.” (Tennessee was the 36th state to ratify and it passed by only 1 vote) **WOMEN GET THE RIGHT TO VOTE!

25. Women’s Reforms • 19th Amendment: Women’s Suffrage • Suffrage means: Right to vote

26. Celebrating the Right to Vote!

27. Video Clip: Women’s Suffrage • Alice Paul : Hunger Strikes • Another Tactic: Suffrage Parades • Lady Gaga’s Take?

28. Women’s Suffrage DBQ • Together as a class: Document A • With your elbow partner: • Read the other 2 Documents (B and C) and complete the graphic organizer “Why did Anti-Suffragists Oppose Woman Suffrage?” **Only do this side for now**

30. Statement: “Anti-Suffragists thought men were superior to women” • For the side you were ASSIGNED, please work as a group to develop an argument for our debate. Your group must come up with the three BEST reasons that support your point. The whole group must agree on these three. • Write your three reasons on the chart on the back of your paper.

31. Now: Debate Time • Copy down the reasons the other side presents

32. Now, what do you really think? • Did Anti-Suffragists think men were superior to women?

33. Final Thoughts • According to these documents, why were people opposed to woman suffrage? • Why is woman suffrage scary to the anti-suffragists? • Do you think the reasons for opposing suffrage were more political or social?

34. DBQ: With birthday partner • Work on your Women’s Suffrage DBQ Packet • Write your answers on notebook paper. You don’t have to write out the question, just label it (Document A, Q1 and so on) Should be in complete sentences. One copy per pair is fine. • Due at the end of class today • If you don’t finish- remember to take pictures of the documents so you can finish at home. • If you finish early, you can work on your Unit 3 Speed Dating Project (due October 5th) • *** NO essay this time. Just answer the questions for the documents!!

35. Progress Reports • Please get them signed and return to me by Friday • If there is a problem with your report, please write a note to me explaining the issue and staple any related documents (ie graded work) to your progress report.

36. Do Now • Evaluate the documents (pictures, cartoons and quotes) in your packet. • Write your answers in the spaces provided. • Don’t forget to write your name on the packet. • You will be turning this in for a grade. • Those who don’t finish in class can finish tonight for HW!

37. Do Now • RAFT essay (very similar to the one we did on Booker T. Washington/WEB DuBois) • Role: Woman living in America in the year 1910 (before women could vote) • Audience: Other women • Format: Letter to the editor • Topic: Which woman had a better strategy/plan for suffrage (Carrie Chapman Catt or Alice Paul). In your letter, include at least three details about each woman’s plan. • Use your own technology or a textbook plus your notes for details! • Should be around 1 page– make it convincing!