1 / 39

Plasmodium falciparum

Plasmodium falciparum. 0verview. Malaria Plasmodium falciparum biology toxins Vaccines Mosquitoes. What is Plasmodium falciparum ?. Protozoa Malaria. http://www.traveldoctor.info/diseases/1.html. Impact. 300 million acute illness 100 million deaths

griffin-munoz
Download Presentation

Plasmodium falciparum

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Plasmodium falciparum

  2. 0verview • Malaria • Plasmodium falciparum biology • toxins • Vaccines • Mosquitoes

  3. What is Plasmodium falciparum? • Protozoa • Malaria http://www.traveldoctor.info/diseases/1.html

  4. Impact • 300 million acute illness • 100 million deaths • A child in Africa dies every 30 seconds http://mosquito.who.int/cmc_upload/0/000/015/372/RBMInfosheet_1.htm

  5. Most vulnerable population http://www.lakareutangranser.se/default.asp?mall=1&ArtikelID=165&UrvKat=43&Kategori=

  6. Symptoms of infection • Characteristic fever 2-3 day cycle cold stage hot stage sweating stage • Anemia • Renal failure • Seizures • coma

  7. Diagnosis • Symptoms • Microscopy • PCR • ELISA http://mosquito.who.int/docs/hbsm_diagnosis.htm

  8. Treatment • Chloroquine most common and effective drug used to treat malaria • Causes nausea, blurred vision, and in some cases neurological dysfunction and seizures http://www.globalphar.com/chl_pic.php

  9. Roll Back Malaria • Insecticide treated nets • Indoor residual spraying • Intermittent preventatives • Prompt treatment http://www.rbm.who.int/cgi-bin/rbm/rbmportal/custom/rbm/home.do

  10. Mosquitofish http://www.clevelandaquariumsociety.org/mosquitofish.jpg

  11. Life cycle of Plasmodium Falciparum http://post.queensu.ca/~forsdyke/pfalcip01.htm

  12. Sporozoits in the liver • Pores • Kupffer cells • Reproduction http://k12education.uams.edu/scvlab/history.htm

  13. Sporozoits in the blood http://astuasbalas.blogspot.com/2004_02_01_astuasbalas_archive.html

  14. Gametocyte development Sexual commitment Sequestered in bones Resistance to quinine Longevity “Female” gametocyte http://www.bepast.org/dataman.pl?c=lib&dir=docs/photos/malaria

  15. Gametocyte Infectivity • Temp drop • Red blood cells lysed • Xanthurenic acid and exflagellation • eye color http://lozere.org/perso/malaria/parasit.htm

  16. Gametogenisis • Rapid morphological changes “male” gametocyte http://www.ksu.edu/parasitology/625tutorials/Plasmodium01.html

  17. Ookinets • 2 divisions • Anatomy of a mosquito midgut http://www.bc.edu/schools/cas/biology/news/encounter/

  18. Oocysts • Sporozoit budding • Number of sporozoits per oocyst http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~parasite/plasmodium.html

  19. Sporozoits • Migration http://www.malarlife.dfl.org.za/malaria%20virus%20photos.htm

  20. Mosquito bites person… http://post.queensu.ca/~forsdyke/pfalcip01.htm

  21. Pathogenicity http://www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conMediaFile.5757/outputRegister/lowhtml

  22. Toxins • Resistance • Hemozin • TNF-alpha IL-1 and IFN-gamma http://www.wordsources.info/words-mod-malaria.html

  23. Tumor Necrosis factor http://www.farm.kuleuven.ac.be/anafar/lab/protein/tnf.htm

  24. Toxicity and pathogenicity Proteins and cell membranes

  25. Rosetting • Five receptors • Immune system evasion?

  26. Antigenic Variation • Opportunities abound http://www.lovetoparty.co.nz/images/SURPRISE.jpg

  27. Crossover http://www.stanford.edu/group/Urchin/GIFS/crossover.jpg

  28. Var Family http://www.niaid.nih.gov/dir/labs/lmvr/mgs.htm

  29. Research About Malaria

  30. PO phosphoriboprotein http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=15322057

  31. Vaccines • New treatment • Acquired immunity • challenges http://web.uct.ac.za/depts/mmi/jmoodie/vacc2.html

  32. Prevention of Liver stage infection http://www.med.nyu.edu/parasitology/faculty/ufrevert.html

  33. Vaccinating mosquitoes http://www.bigthings.ca/manitoba/pictures/1mos1.jpg

  34. Paratransgenesis http://www.mbl.edu/Astrobiology/Riley/image/E.coli.gif http://www.invivo.fiocruz.br/celula/imagens/bacillus.jpg

  35. Engineering mosquitoes • 3 stages AgAper promoter vitellogenin promoter salvitory promoters http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/full/206/21/3809/FIG2

  36. Other ways to reduce infection http://www.wmconnolley.org.uk/bees/ http://k12education.uams.edu/scvlab/history.htm

  37. Future challenges • Funding • Research • Distribution • Funding

  38. Conclusion • "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work." Thomas Alva Edison

  39. Sources • See notes section for a list of references arranged by slide number.

More Related