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- Emil Ludwig

“ A peaceable, industrious, mass of 500 million (European people) was hounded by a few dozen incapable leaders… into a war which was in no way destined or inevitable. ”.

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- Emil Ludwig

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  1. “A peaceable, industrious, mass of 500 million (European people) was hounded by a few dozen incapable leaders… into a war which was in no way destined or inevitable.” Was he right? Was the war due to the incompetence of the leaders? The stupidity of men such as Franz Josef and Kaiser Wilhelm (William)? - Emil Ludwig

  2. 1914-1918:The Worldat War By: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley H. S.Chappaqua, NY

  3. Differing Viewpoints • “Family Feud” • “Fall of the Eagles” • “The War to End All Wars” • “The War to ‘Make the World Safe for Democracy’”

  4. Causesof theWar

  5. 1. Militarism & Arms Race Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.] in millions of £s.

  6. 2. Alliance System Triple Entente: Triple Alliance:

  7. Two Armed Camps! Allied Powers: Central Powers:

  8. The Major Players: 1914-17 Allied Powers: Central Powers: Nicholas II [Rus] Wilhelm II [Ger] George V [Br] Victor Emmanuel II [It] Enver Pasha[Turkey] Pres. Poincare [Fr] Franz Josef [A-H]

  9. Europe in 1914

  10. 3. Imperial Rivalries

  11. 4. Nationalism

  12. Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The“Powder Keg”of Europe

  13. The“Spark”

  14. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

  15. The Assassination: Sarajevo

  16. The Assassin: GavriloPrincip

  17. Who’s To Blame?

  18. The Schlieffen Plan

  19. German Atrocities in Belgium

  20. Mobilization • Home by Christmas! • No major war in 50 years! • Nationalism!

  21. Recruitment Posters

  22. A Young Australian Recruit

  23. Recruits of the Central Powers A German Soldier Says Farewell to His Mother Austro-Hungarians

  24. New French Recruits

  25. A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier

  26. Womenand theWarEffort

  27. Financing the War

  28. For Recruitment

  29. Munitions Workers

  30. French Women Factory Workers

  31. German Women Factory Workers

  32. Working in the Fields

  33. A Woman Ambulance Driver

  34. Red Cross Nurses

  35. Women in the Army Auxiliary

  36. Russian Women Soldiers

  37. Spies • “Mata Hari” • Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle • German Spy!

  38. Posters:WartimePropaganda

  39. Australian Poster

  40. American Poster

  41. Financing the War

  42. German Poster Think of Your Children!

  43. The Western Front: A “War of Attrition”

  44. A Multi-Front War

  45. The Western Front

  46. Trench Warfare

  47. Trench Warfare “No Man’s Land”

  48. Verdun – February, 1916 • German offensive. • Each side had 500,000 casualties.

  49. The Somme – July, 1916 • 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. • Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months.

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