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2. Myopia

Types of refraction. 1.Emmetropy. 2. Myopia. 3. Hypermetropy. 4. Astigmatism. Clinical classification of myopia. By degree. By genesis. By type of disease. By presence of complications. Low. Uncomplicated. Inherited. Stationary. Slowly prosgressive. Complicated. Congenital.

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2. Myopia

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  1. Types of refraction 1.Emmetropy 2. Myopia 3. Hypermetropy 4. Astigmatism

  2. Clinical classification of myopia By degree By genesis By type of disease By presence of complications Low Uncomplicated Inherited Stationary Slowly prosgressive Complicated Congenital Middle Quickly progressive Acquired High

  3. Principle of correction of hyperopia

  4. Emmetropy

  5. Myopia

  6. Hyperopia

  7. Degrees of myopia • Myopia of low degree • Under (-) 3.0 diopters • Myopia of moderate degree • From (-) 3.0 to (-) 6.0 diopters • Myopia of high degree • Higher than (-) 6.0 diopters

  8. Degrees of hyperopia • Hyperopia of low degree • Under (+)2 diopters • Hyperopia of moderate degree • From (+)2 to (+) 5 diopters • Hyperopia of high degree • Higher than (+) 5 diopters

  9. Complications of hypermetropy Sty, Conjunctivitis, Blefaritis. Concomitant convergent strabismus Accomodative astenopy Pseudoneuritis

  10. Myopic cone Posterior staphyloma in the beginning myopia

  11. Scimitar tear of ocular choroid Tear of ocular choroid

  12. Druses of vitreous lamina Tear of ocular choroid

  13. True staphyloma of sclera at myopia of high degree Choroiditis at myopia

  14. Ocular fundus at myopia of high degree Ocular fundus at myopia of high degree

  15. Hemorrhage in the macula at myopia of high degree Macular pigmentation in place of older recurrent hemorrhages at myopia of high degree

  16. ILLUSTRATED REVIEW OF LASIK TECHNIQUE With the help of mechanic instrument – microkeratom – a round flap is opened in the protective layer of cornea.

  17. ILLUSTRATED REVIEW OF LASIK TECHNIQUE Upper layers of corneal stroma are evaporated by eximer laser on the necessary for accurate focusing depth.

  18. ILLUSTRATED REVIEW OF LASIK TECHNIQUE In the result of operation the form of cornea became planer. Saved natural layer provides quick rehabilitation of patient.

  19. Refractive errors correction • SPECTACLES AND CONTACT LENSES • SURGICAL INTERVENTION • 3. LASER CORRECTION

  20. SHORT VISION RECOVERY PERIOD POSSIBILITY TO MAKE SURGERY ON BOTH EYES SIMULTANEOUSLY STABLE POSITIVE RESULT LASIC ADVANTAGES

  21. CORNEAL SURFACE BEFORE AND AFTER LASIK

  22. RADIAL KERATOTOMY ADVANTAGES: • POSSIBILITY TO CORRECT MYOPIA UP TO 5 DIOPTERS DISADVANTAGES: • LONG REHABILITATION PERIOD • RISK OF DEVELOPMENT OF WRONG ASTIGMATISM

  23. LASER OPHTHALMOLOGY Many scientists made attempts to use light beam in ocular diseases. The first to realize this idea was Myer-Schwickerath in 1947. This date may be considered as the beginning of clinical use of photocoagulation in ophthalmology. Meyer-Schwickerath used xenon lamp of high pressur as a powerful source of light.

  24. Thank you for attention!

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