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Metadata and Digital Libraries

Metadata and Digital Libraries. M. SURULINATHI Assistant Librarian. Introduction. Metadata offers a key approach for organizing, managing, preserving digital material and to support search and retrieval (resource discovery) and inter-operability. We need to understand:

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Metadata and Digital Libraries

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  1. Metadata and Digital Libraries M. SURULINATHI Assistant Librarian

  2. Introduction • Metadata offers a key approach for organizing, managing, preserving digital material and to support search and retrieval (resource discovery) and inter-operability. • We need to understand: • what is metadata, • types of metadata, • uses of metadata, • metadata schemes (standards), • examples and applications

  3. What is Metadata? • Data about data • Metadata is structured information that describes, explains, locates, or otherwise makes it easier to retrieve, use, or manage an information resource. Metadata is often called data about data or information about information. • Structured information • Describes, explains, locates an information resource • Makes it easier to retrieve, use or manage an information resource

  4. Author: …Title: ….Subject: …Source type: …Format: ……. Author: …Title: ….Subject: …Source type: …Format: ……. Documents Audio Video Database Author: …Title: ….Subject: …Source type: …Format: ……. Digital material META DATA

  5. What Does Metadata Describe? • Papers • Articles • Images • Sound • Collections • User profiles

  6. Types of Metadata • Descriptive • Purpose: Resource discovery and identification • Ex.: Title, abstract, author, URL, keywords, etc. • Administrative & Rights Management • Purpose: Help manage a resource • Ex.: Who created and when, who can access, content format, rights information, etc. • Structural metadata • Purpose: Document structure • Ex.: Chapter, section, paragraph

  7. Metadata Schemes and Element Sets • Dublin Core • MARC • Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) • Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) • Learning Object Metadata • The Encoded Archival Description (EAD) • MPEG Multimedia Metadata

  8. Dublin Core – 15 Elements • Title=”Metadata Demystified” • Creator=”Brand, Amy” • Contributor • Subject=”metadata” • Description=”Presents an overview of metadata conventions in publishing.” • Publisher=”The Sheridan Press” • Date=”2003-07" • Source Type=”Text” • Source • Format=”application/pdf” • Identifier=”http://www.niso.org/standards/resources/Metadata_Demystified.pdf” • Language=”en” • Etc.,

  9. Metadata Example: GSDL Digital Library Collections • Use of Metadata for Browse and Search • Use of Metadata for Document Structuring (Hierarchical Browsing)

  10. DC at Greenstone

  11. A GSDL DL Collection: Metadata Browse & Search

  12. Metadata Example: D space softwareContext: Content management in an academic intranet

  13. Metadata Display Window

  14. Fulltext Article

  15. MARC at LOC Online Catalogue

  16. Uses of Metadata • Resource discovery • Finding, searching and identifying resources • Field-based browse/ search • Organizing electronic resources • Ex.: Internet resource catalogues (web resource directories), Institutional publication archives, intranet content management • Interoperability • Exchange of data between systems – metadata standards facilitate cross-searching and sharing (metadata harvesting – OAI protocol)

  17. Uses of Metadata • Digital identification, Bibliographic control • Uniquely describe, identify & locate the digital object referred by the metadata • PURL, DOI (Cross Ref), Open URL • Archiving and preservation • Data elements to track the lineage, physical characteristics, etc. • Efforts are on to define metadata schemes for digital preservation (e.g. ISO’s Open Archival Information System OAIS)

  18. Conclusion • Most early metadata standards have focused on the descriptive elements needed for discovery, identification, and retrieval. As metadata initiatives developed, administrative metadata, especially in the rights and preservation areas was further emphasized. • Technical metadata is one area that still does not get much attention in metadata schemas. The effective exchange and use of the digital objects described by the metadata often requires knowledge of specific technical aspects of the objects beyond its filename and type.

  19. Conclusion • The World Wide Web has created a revolution in the accessibility of information. The development and application of metadata represents a major improvement in the way information can be discovered and used. • New technologies, standards, and best practices are continually advancing the applications for metadata.

  20. Reference • http://www.niso.org/publications/press/UnderstandingMetadata.pdf • http://www.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/raja/is206/topic-10.htm • http://digital-scholarship.org/digitalkoans/2008/04/14/metadata-for-digital-libraries-state-of-the-art-and-future-directions-published/ • http://www.fgdc.gov/metadata/geospatial-metadata-standards

  21. THANK YOU

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