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Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. Acids. Substances that dissociate in solution to produce HYDROGEN IONS (H + ) (“ PROTONS”) C hemical formula begins with an H and is usually followed by “( aq ) ” Taste sour, water soluble, conduct electricity React with metals and carbonates ( corrosive).

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acids and Bases

  2. Acids

  3. Substances that dissociate in solution to produce HYDROGEN IONS (H+) (“PROTONS”) • Chemical formula begins with an H and is usually followed by “(aq)” • Taste sour, water soluble, conduct electricity • React with metals and carbonates (corrosive)

  4. BINARY ACIDS- molecular compound in which H is combined with another non-metallic element • Hydrofluoric acid, HF(aq), etching glass • Hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), cleaning concrete • Hydrobromic acid, HBr(aq), cleaning compounds • Hydrosulphuric acid, H2S(aq), purifying metals

  5. Binary acids are very dangerous • They can cause CHEMICAL BURNS if not handled safely

  6. OXYACIDS- an acid that contains O, at least one other element, and at least one H attached to an O • Acetic acid (vinegar) HC2H3O2(aq) , salad dressing • Citric acid, HC6H7O7(aq), oranges, lemons • Ascorbic acid, HC6H7O6(aq), vitamin C • Lactic acid, HC3H5O3(aq), sour milk • Carbonic acid, H2CO3(aq), carbonated drinks • Acetylsalcyclic acid (ASA), HC9H7O4(aq), Aspirin • Sulphuric acid, H2SO4(aq), car batteries

  7. Bases

  8. “ALKALINE” • Substances that dissociate in solution to produce HYDROXIDE IONS (OH-), chemical formula is usually followed by “(aq)” • Taste bitter, water soluble, slippery feeling, conducts electricity • Reacts with proteins

  9. Common Bases: • Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), NaOH(aq) , industrial chemical, drain cleaner • Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3(aq) , heartburn medication • Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), making baked goods rise, abrasive cleaner • Ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH(aq) , window cleaner

  10. Effects of alkali ingestion

  11. Alkali burn to eye- subsequent loss of sight

  12. ACIDS, BASES, AND PH SCALE SONG: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1-I&feature=related

  13. Toxic Chemicals in Everyday Life

  14. TOXIC CHEMICALS LOBBY: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_q75F_hjg7o&feature=pyv&ad=5849963259&kw=chemicals Practice with naming for acids and bases: Complete the “Acids and Bases” half of the worksheet in your worksheet package.

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