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Organization Development: An Overview. Defined. Organization development (OD) is an attempt to influence the members of an organization to take greater responsibility for their own actions. It is an organization-wide effort, managed from the top, to increase organization effectiveness.
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Defined • Organization development (OD) is an attempt to influence the members of an organization to take greater responsibility for their own actions. It is an organization-wide effort, managed from the top, to increase organization effectiveness.
Typical OD Process • Startup, contracting • Assessment, diagnosis • Feedback to clients • Action planning • Interventions, implementation, evaluations • Managed by internal or external facilitator, consultant
OD Profession—Brief History • 1940s survey research and feedback • 1950s action research • 1960s efficiency studies, motivation, quality circles • 1970s strategic change, planned change • Theorists: Lewin, Likert, Beckhard, Bennis, Levy, Argyris, Schein, Burke, Senge
Ways to discuss OD • As a profession • As a philosophy/paradigm • Theories and models • Tools and techniques
Need for OD Today • Organizations experience rapid change, so more need for OD • Current OD Topics: change management, appreciative inquiry, coaching, continuous learning, emotional intelligence, large-scale interventions, learning organization, self-managed teams, systems thinking
Planned OD Change • Strategic OD: • Organizational transformation • Cultural change • Self-designing organizations • Strategic management
Planned OD Change—cont’d • Work from a plan with vision, milestones, measures and celebrations • Must involve top management • Usually has a champion (facilitator) • Best if planned and implemented via teams
Balanced Scorecard Benchmarking/Total Quality Management Business process reengineering Cultural change Organizational learning Involves changes to organizational structures and processes Establishes core competencies Some OD Change Models
Difference in OD and Org. Behavior • Organization behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals and groups, act in organizations. • OD takes a long-range approach to improving organizational performance and efficiency and focuses on the total system.
OD Resources • Fifth Discipline, Senge • Practicing OD: A Consultant’s Guide, Sullivan • Organizational Change and Development, Cummins & Worley • OD: its nature, origin and prospects, Bennis • OD: behavioral science interventions for organization improvement, French & Bell