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Postwar Domestic Policies and Truman

Kinsey Thomas. Postwar Domestic Policies and Truman. GI Bill of Rights. Serviceman’s Readjustment Act Passed in 1944 by Congress Under part of the law, the federal government paid a significant portion of tuition and other higher education fees for veterans.

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Postwar Domestic Policies and Truman

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  1. Kinsey Thomas Postwar Domestic Policies and Truman

  2. GI Bill of Rights Serviceman’s Readjustment Act • Passed in 1944 by Congress • Under part of the law, the federal government paid a significant portion of tuition and other higher education fees for veterans. • The percentage of college-aged Americans who attended college almost doubled. • Colleges developed into larger institutions • Updated campuses • Higher education for everyone, not just middle and higher classes

  3. Employment Act of 1946 • Citizens have a “right” to a job. • With the influx of soldiers returning from WWII, the government issued the Employment Act of 1946. • Enacted because of what happened after the First World War—The Great Depression • Aided the transition from wartime goods to other products • There were numerous revisions • Originally called the Full Employment Bill of 1945

  4. Employment Act of 1946 • Created the Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) • Three member board • Advises the president on economic policy • Established the Joint Economic Committee • Composed of Congress members of both political parties • Charged with reviewing the president’s report and making recommendations to the Senate and House on economic policy.

  5. Employment Act of 1946 • Long-Term Effects: • Annual inflation rates typically ranged from 1-5% • Strengthened labor market • 1970’s America: large inflation • Resolution 133 • 1977: Congress amended the Federal Reserve Act • 1978: Congress passed the Humphrey-Hawkins Act which amended the Employment Act of 1946

  6. Taft-Hartley Act The Labor-Management Relations Act • Enacted June 23, 1947 • The law prohibited a variety of strikes, boycotts, and picketing. • Union shops were restricted and states were allowed to pass “right-to-work” laws that outlawed closed union shops. 

  7. Primary Source O Political cartoon released after 1947 as backlash to the recently enacted Taft-Hartley Act P The purpose of the political cartoon was to raise awareness about the “real” effect of the act V This political cartoon shows the power of the press over the government and how the public could be manipulated into believing what they read in the paper. L This political cartoon does not show the actual effect the act had on the public or any actually data on how the act helped or hurt the unions in question. “Now-Now little man, I’m only taking these for your own good.”

  8. Harry S. Truman • FDR died soon after the start of his fourth term, and his vice president, Harry S. Truman was sworn in. • Accomplishments: • Ended WWII by dropping the atomic bombs on Japan • Truman Doctrine • Economic aid to Turkey and Greece • Helping the US transition into a peace-time economy • Blocking Stalin’s attempts to occupy and conquer Europe • Berlin airlift • Creating the state of Israel for Holocaust survivors

  9. Thomas E. Dewey • Young and well-liked • Challenged FDR for the party’s popular vote in 1944 • Former governor of New York • Cut taxes, doubled state aid to education, increased salaries for state employees, reduced the sate’s debt by more than $100 million • Laid down the first state law in the country which prohibited racial discrimination in employment • Previously an isolationist, at the time of the election he had been identified as a internationalist.

  10. The Chicago Daily Tribune The Chicago Daily Tribune, like the rest of the country, believed that Dewey would be the overwhelming winner of the 1948 Presidential Election. The printed a few hundred copies of their newspaper with the headline, “Dewey Defeats Truman” before the release of the election results. The mistake was comical to the new president elect: Harry Truman.

  11. Election of 1948 Despite what everyone predicted, Truman won and was reelected to presidency. • Dewey is sometimes seen as being too aggressive • Dewey was not as conservative as the Republican Congress • Truman linked him to the “Do Nothing” Congress • Dewey never ran for presidency again, but he did help Eisenhower win the Republican Party’s presidential nomination

  12. Bibliography • Biography of Thomas Dewey. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.deweydefeatstruman.com/Deweybio.htm • Dewey Defeats Truman. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://history1900s.about.com/cs/trumanharry/a/deweytruman_2.htm • Employment Act of 1946 - A detailed essay on an important event in the history of the Federal Reserve. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.federalreservehistory.org/Events/DetailView/15 • Projects: Cold War Guide: The GI Bill and the U of I (1947). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://archives.library.illinois.edu/slc/researchguides/coldwar/studentlife/gibill.php • Taft–Hartley Act. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Taft%E2%80%93Hartley_Act.html

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