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An Introduction to the Different Types of Wetlands

An Introduction to the Different Types of Wetlands. Dr. Margaret Gale, Associate Dean School of Forest Resources & Environmental Sciences and Joan Chadde, Water Resource Specialist Western U.P. Center for Science, Math & Environ. Education. To be considered a wetland,

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An Introduction to the Different Types of Wetlands

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  1. An Introduction to the Different Types of Wetlands Dr. Margaret Gale, Associate Dean School of Forest Resources & Environmental Sciencesand Joan Chadde, Water Resource SpecialistWestern U.P. Center for Science, Math & Environ. Education

  2. To be considered a wetland, a site must have three characteristics: 2) Wet soils 1) Hydrology - water present for some period each year. 3) Water-loving vegetation

  3. Hydrology – inundated for some period each year (possible water sources are listed below) Lake/Stream Inflow Groundwater/Subsurface Flow Precipitation Only Surface Runoff

  4. SOIL Organic Mineral – Loamy/Clayey Mineral – Sandy Redox

  5. Hydrophytic or Water-loving Plants

  6. SHALLOW OPEN WATER Hydrology: Lake-fed Soils: Organic to Mineral Vegetation: Woody to herbaceous

  7. OPEN OR CONIFEROUS BOGS Hydrology: Precipitation-only Soils: Organic—fibric, hemic Vegetation: Woody & herbaceous

  8. FEN (may be rich or poor in nutrients) Hydrology: Lake, stream, or groundwater-fed Soils: Organic Vegetation: Herbaceous

  9. MARSH Hydrology: Lake, stream or groundwater-fed Soils: Mineral Vegetation: Herbaceous plants (emergent and submerged)

  10. SWAMP Hydrology: Stream-fed Soils: Organic—fibric, hemic, sapric Vegetation: Woody, herbaceous, & mosses

  11. RIPARIAN AREAS (next to streams & lakes) Hydrology: Lake, stream and groundwater-fed Soils: Organic to Mineral Vegetation: Woody to herbaceous

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