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MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646). Chapter 11 Windows Server 2008 Virtualization. Learning Objectives. Understand server virtualization Understand the advantages and disadvantages of virtual servers

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MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

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  1. MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646) Chapter 11 Windows Server 2008 Virtualization

  2. Learning Objectives • Understand server virtualization • Understand the advantages and disadvantages of virtual servers • Explain the features and requirements of Microsoft Hyper-V • Install Hyper-V • List the guest operating systems supported by Hyper-V MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  3. Learning Objectives (cont’d.) • Use Hyper-V Manager to configure and manage virtual machines MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  4. What Is Virtualization? • Virtualization • Disguise the physical or individual hardware elements of computing to enhance or multiply resources • Types of virtualization • Server virtualization • Running multiple server operating systems on a single server computer • Example: Microsoft Hyper-V • Workstation or PC virtualization • Running multiple workstation operating systems on one computer MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  5. What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) Figure 11-1 Three virtual machines in one computer Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  6. What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) • Types of virtualization (cont’d.) • Application virtualization • Running single applications in their own virtual machine environments • Storage virtualization • Setting up multiple networked disk storage units to appear as one unit • Hardware or CPU virtualization • Having virtualization processes work inside a specially designed CPU MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  7. What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) • Types of virtualization (cont’d.) • Network virtualization • Dividing a single network into multiple channels or bandwidths so it appears as multiple networks • Virtual server software • Software that enables a computer to house two or more operating systems • Example: Windows Server 2008 running Hyper-V MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  8. What Is Virtualization? (cont’d.) • Virtual server • Computer running virtual server software • Virtual machine • Each instance of an operating system running within the software MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  9. Advantages of Virtual Servers • Enables server consolidation • Uses hardware effectively • Provides hardware independence • Enables using different operating systems on one computer • Provides effective development environments • Increases portability • Offers business advantages MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  10. Ability to Consolidate Servers • Reduce number of servers needed to run a business • Server proliferation • Requires more work in maintaining servers • Use of virtual servers • Enables an organization to consolidate servers into fewer physical computers • Saves money on personnel, space, security and energy MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  11. Faster Server Deployment • Saves significant deployment time • For medium and large organizations that deploy many computers • Live migration and ability to use operating system images • Enable quick set up of a virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  12. Uses Hardware Effectively • Make use of underutilized computers • Less expensive to add CPUs, memory, and disk resources to one larger hardware platform • Than buying multiple computers MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  13. Enables Hardware Independence • Operating system runs inside the virtual server • Hardware primarily important to virtual server host operating system • Advantages of freedom from hardware compatibility issues • Easier disaster recovery • Smoother hardware upgrades MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  14. Ability to Use Multiple Operating Systems • Many organizations use a combination of operating systems • Such as Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Linux, and UNIX • Virtualization enables: • Reducing number of servers with different operating systems MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  15. Provides Effective Development Environments • Organizations may purchase separate computers for software development and testing • Significant time spent adapting development software to a new computer system • Software packages can use a virtual machine to test the packages before bringing them into production MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  16. Increases Portability • Faster to port to another computer • System Center Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) • Helps with portability and in managing multiple computers with virtual machines • Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT) • Make an image of a server and set up that image on a new virtual machine • Import and export tools • Native tools that are automatically available in Hyper-V Manager MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  17. Offers Business Advantages • Lower hardware costs • Lower utility bills, including costs for running computers, air conditioning, and heating • Reduced staff costs • Reduced costs for space • Reduced software development costs • Reduced software implementation costs • Reduced costs for implementing systems on new hardware • More disaster recovery options MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  18. Disadvantages of Virtualization • Server hardware can be a single point of failure • Build in hardware fault tolerance and disaster recovery • Backing up all of the virtual machines on a single computer can be a much slower process • Compared to backing up a single server with a single operating system and no virtual machines MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  19. Features of Hyper-V • Ability to load 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems • Option to load Windows Server and Linux operating systems on the same computer • 64-bit performance for faster response, manageability, and security • Support for SMP computers • Enhanced access of the CPU, video, disk, and networking capabilities of the host computer • Supports a computer with up to 1 TB of RAM MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  20. Features of Hyper-V (cont’d.) • Enables up to 384 virtual machines • Supports a variety of attached storage devices • Supports storage area networks • Can perform network load balancing • Can scale up to larger and faster hardware platforms and capabilities MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  21. Features of Hyper-V (cont’d.) • Provides the Hyper-V Manager for installation and management of virtual servers • Can take advantage of AMD-V and Intel VT CPU technology • Can take virtual machine snapshots of a particular virtual server state • Designed so that third-party vendors can develop tools and specialized utilities for Hyper-V MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  22. Requirements of Hyper-V • x64 computer • Processor with AMD-V or Intel VT • 64-bit version of Windows Server 2008 with Hyper-V included • Standard Edition, Enterprise Edition, or Datacenter Edition • Clean installation of the operating system • Not really required, but highly recommended by Microsoft • Data Execution Prevention (DEP) enabled MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  23. Guest Operating Systems Supported • Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 Release 2 (R2) Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, and Web Server (x86 or x64) • Windows HPC Server 2008 • Windows Small Business Server 2008 and Windows Essential Business Server 2008 (x64 versions) • Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2003 Release 2 (R2) Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, and Web Server with SP1 or SP2 (x86 or x64) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  24. Guest Operating Systems Supported (cont’d.) • Windows Small Business Server 2003 (Standard and Premium Editions) • Windows 2000 Server and Windows 2000 Advanced Server (with Service Pack 4) • Windows 2000 Professional (with Service Pack 4) • Windows XP Professional (x86 with Service Pack 3) and Windows XP Professional (x64 with Service Pack 2) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  25. Guest Operating Systems Supported (cont’d.) • Windows 7 Professional, Ultimate, and Enterprise (x86 and x64) • Windows Vista Business, Ultimate, and Enterprise (x86 and x64) • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server version 10 and above (x86 and x64; with Service Pack 1) • SUSE Linux versions up through version 10 (x86 and x64; with Service Pack 1) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  26. Installing Hyper-V • Hyper-V role • Installed through Initial Configuration Tasks window or Server Manager • Activity 11-1: Installing Hyper-V • Objective: Learn how to install Hyper-V MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  27. Figure 11-3 Create Virtual Networks window Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  28. Using Hyper-V Manager • With Hyper-V Manager you can: • Install virtual machines • Configure virtual machines • Manage virtual machines, including starting and stopping them • Manage network communications through virtual machines • Configure how virtual machines use the hardware available to them • Troubleshoot virtual machines MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  29. Installing Windows Server 2008 as a Virtual Machine • Use the New Virtual Machine Wizard • Specify: • Amount of RAM to allocate to the virtual machine • Network interface to use for the virtual machine • Virtual disk to use • Activity 11-2: Installing Windows Server 2008 as a Virtual Machine in Hyper-V • Objective: Learn how to create a virtual machine and install Windows Server 2008 in that virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  30. Figure 11-4 Hyper-V Manager Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  31. Figure 11-6 Connect Virtual Hard Disk window Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  32. Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window • Manage tasks from menu and button bars in the connection window • First press CTRL+ALT+LEFT ARROW • Menu bar options in connection window • File • Action • Media • Clipboard • View • Help MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  33. Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window (cont’d.) • Button bar options: • Press CTRL+ALT+DEL • Start the virtual machine • Turn off the virtual machine • Shut down the operating system • Save the current settings and shut down • Pause or reset the virtual machine • Take a snapshot to save the current virtual machine state • Revert to the last snapshot MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  34. Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window (cont’d.) • Activity 11-3: Shutting Down and Restarting a Virtual Machine • Objective: Learn how to shut down and restart a virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  35. Managing a Virtual Machine from the Connection Window (cont’d.) Figure 11-10 Shutting down Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  36. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options • Right pane in Hyper-V Manager • Create a new virtual machine, add a new hard disk, and add a new floppy disk • Import a virtual machine from another computer • Configure the settings for Hyper-V • Configure the settings for virtual networks • Edit virtual disk settings via the Edit Virtual Hard Disk Wizard MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  37. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) • Right pane in Hyper-V Manager (cont’d.) • Inspect a virtual disk • Start or stop the Hyper-V service • Refresh the Hyper-V view in all three panes • Remove a server • Configure the view • Manage a specific virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  38. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) • Manage specific virtual machine from the right pane • Options depend on if the virtual machine is started • Configuring Virtual Networking Options • Virtual network • Network on which virtual machines communicate through virtual links • Virtual networking options using Hyper-V Manager’s Virtual Network Manager • External virtual network • Internal virtual network • Private virtual network MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  39. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Figure 11-11 Virtual Network Manager Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  40. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) • Activity 11-4: Using Virtual Network Manager • Objective: Explore Virtual Network Manager MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  41. Figure 11-13 Viewing the external virtual network properties Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  42. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) • Configuring Hardware Options • Add new hardware • BIOS boot order • Memory • Processors • Disk controllers • Network adapter • Serial ports • Diskette drive MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  43. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) • Activity 11-5: Configuring Hardware • Objective: Configure the hardware associated with a virtual machine MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  44. Figure 11-14 Configuring physical memory used by a virtual machine Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  45. Figure 11-15 Configuring processors Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  46. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) • Taking a Snapshot • Save a snapshot of the current state of a virtual machine • Saves information • Processor state, memory contents, virtual machine data and settings, and virtual machine configuration • Intended for test situations and not as a replacement for backing up a live server MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  47. Hyper-V Manager Configuration Options (cont’d.) Figure 11-17 Taking a snapshot Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

  48. Summary • Server virtualization • Running multiple server operating systems on a single server computer • Has advantages and disadvantages • Accomplished using Hyper-V • Installed as a role through Server Manager • Hyper-V Manager • Start, stop, and manage multiple virtual machines • Configure a virtual network, hardware allocated to a virtual machine, and take snapshots MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

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