名词性从句

1. 名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句. 1宾语从句；2主语从句； 3表语从句；4同位语从句

2. 主语从句 在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious

3. 主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首 因而我们常见到这种句式： It+be+n./adj/-ed从句（that, whether,etc.) 例：It's a pity that you should have to leave. = That you should have to leave is a pity. It is great that I have a teacher like you. = That I have a teacher like you is great.

4. Ⅲ.主语从句的连接词 一、主语从句 • 连词that(无词义, 不作成分, 不能省略);whether(是否),if不能位于句首。 • That he will come and help us is certain. • Whether we will succeed is still a question. • It is not known if he will come. 注意: 已确定的事由that引导; 没决定的事由whether引导.

5. 2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which, whichever 等. What he is has nothing to do with you. Whose ticket this is has not been found out. 3.连接副词when, where， why, how, how long, how often, how soon, how far, how many / much 等. When the test will be given is not yet decided. How much we can spend must be agreed on.

6. 特殊句式 1.I hate ____  when people talk with their mouths full．（MET98） A. it  B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how 3. It worried her a bit  ____ her hair was turning grey.（MET92） A．while B. that C．if  D．for

8. 同位语从句 在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。 同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如： The factthat she is ill should be considered.

9. 同位语从句 同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea,answer,information,doubt, knowledge, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词. The newsthat our team has won the matchis true. His delay is due tothe fact that the car went wrong halfway.

10. The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attributive Clauses 怎样区别 同位语从句与定语从句

11. 同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处 1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。 e.g. The news that our team has won the final matchis encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is reallyencouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）

12. 2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。 e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test.（that 不充当任何成分） 2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children. （that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）

13. 3、that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故 不能用which替换；而that引导定语从句时是 代词，常可以和另一关系代词which替换。 e.g. The fact that he is from Canada is new to me. （that不可换为which） The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese. （第一个that可换为which，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。） 高一英语语法同步辅导

14. 4、引导同位语从句的关联词，除that外，还可 以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词； 而定语从句不可用what, how, whether等引导。 e.g. I had no idea at all what I should do next. There is no proof whether he was killed by others.

15. 一.同位语从句注意点

16. Practice I. Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：A: Appositive（同位语）; B: Attributive（定语） • His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable. • Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. • 3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. • 4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent? • 5. Is this the company where your father works? • 6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence. • 7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on • the way.

17. Exercises B 1. The news ____ another power station will be built cheered all the villagers. A which B that C what D whatever 2 The news ____ he told us is exciting. Which of the following is wrong? A what B \ C which D that A

18. II. Choose the best answer B 1.They expressed the hope ___they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact___ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea ____he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that A B

19. A 4.The news _____ surprised everybody yesterday now proves tobe false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that 6.Word has come _____ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether C. that D. which C C

20. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that 则不然。What引导的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is certain. It is right what you said yesterday. × √ It is certain that she is still alive.

22. What That • 4._______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind. • 5.___________ the earth is round is known to us all. • 归纳： 连词_______在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而_____在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。 that what

23. 高考题选萃 1）____ you don’t like him is none of my business. （S 92) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

24. A • 2)____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. ( 93) • A.What B. That • C. The fact D. The matter • 3) There’s a feeling in me ___ we’ll never know what a UFO is --- not ever. ( s2002） • A. that B. which • C. of which D. what A

28. 2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests. • A.anyone B. whomever • C.whoever D.no matter who

29. 3.These wild flowers are so special, I would do ____ I can to save them. • A. whatever B. that • C. which D. whichever

30. 4. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.（NMET97） A. however B. whatever C. whichever  D. whenever 5. ____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.（MET88） A. Anyone  B. The person C. Whoever  D. Who

33. Thank you & Good bye!

35. 六、that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

36. 比较： 15.We expressed the hope (that/which) they had expressed. （定语从句） We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. （同位语从句） 16.The news(that/which)he told me just now is true. （定语从句） The news that I have passed the exam is true. （同位语从句） 17.The advice(that/which)he gave was supported by us all. （定语从句） The advice that we(should) set out at once was supported by us all.（同位语从句）

37. 巩固性练习： 1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all. A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability. A.that B.what C.which D.why 3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A.what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A.which B.that C./ D.it 5.I have no idea ____ he will start. A.when B.that C.what D./ 6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow. A.if B.that C.whether D.which

38. 7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease. A.that B.as C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing. A.whether B.where C.that D.when 11.Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. (NMET2001上海)   A.while B.that C.when D.as

39. 12.It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities;this is the information ____ has been put forward.  A.what B.that C.when D.as 13.She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)  A.it B.which C.this D.that 14.I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.  A.it B.which C.this D.that 15.The fact_____ he failed in the exam is not the one______he told me. A.which;that B.that;/ C.which;which D./; that   Keys: 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA 11-15BBBDB