Home front Mobilization in Germany….. The Holocaust

1. Home front Mobilization in Germany…..The Holocaust In early 1942, Hitler had put unto action what he called the final solution to his Jewish program. Nazi soldiers rounded up Jews form all over Europe and shipped them to concentration camps. In these camps, Jews were used for slave labor, subjected to medical experiments, were beaten shot and/or put to death in gas chambers. Their bodies were buried in mass graves or incinerated (burned).

4. Chapter 14 Mobilizing for the War

5. Overview • During WW2, millions of Americans enlisted in the armed forces, risking their lives in the struggle. On the home front (meaning in America), Americans also helped the war effort by giving up goods needed by the military and buying war bonds.

6. Overview Continued • The early battles of the war on both fronts (E.g. Asia and the Pacific) required changes in strategy from all sides. In the Pacific, the Battle of Midway was a major turning point against the Japanese, while the Battle of the Atlantic and the Battle of Stalingrad made it clear that Germany would not win the War.

7. Overview Continued • Although women and African Americans gained new work opportunities, Latinos and Japanese Americans faced violence in American cities during WW2. To assist with the war effort, the government controlled wages and process, rationed goods, encouraged recycling, and sold war bonds to help finance the war.

8. Overview, Continued • The US quickly mobilized the economy to fight for WW2 in 1941. Detroit was known as the Arsenal of Democracy because many factories in Detroit shifted there regular production of products to the production of war times goods, such as weapons, tanks, ships, airplanes, and trucks for military use.

9. Complete Primary source questions on page 488-write the questions

10. Propaganda – information or ideas intentionally spread widely to help harm a person, group, or nation Three different types: Emotional appeal Dehumanizing the enemy Lying / dishonest Propaganda

11. War Productions board (489) Tuskegee Airmen (492) Define/Describe

12. Rosie the Riveter- the famous poster of Rosie the Riveter (right) assured American women that they were strong enough to handle the challenges of wartime factory work. Home front Mobilization during the War The War at Home during WWII

13. Nylon Stockings Nylon Stockings were used to supply defense needs for the war. Nylon became important to the war effort because it was used, for example, in parachutes and tires. Victory Gardens These were gardens that people grew in response to the fact that they didn’t get enough food from rationing and/or they didn’t like the rationing system Home front Mobilization during the War

14. War Bonds While taxes provided for 40% of the cost of the war, the remaining 60% was burrowed from Americans. The government sold bonds (certificates) that promised that the government would pay the holder the amount burrowed plus interest. In other words, if you brought a bond from the government you would get your money back plus interest. The government used the money it burrowed to help with the war. GI Bills This bill made the American Dream a reality for millions of WWII veterans. War veterans were provided with free education (to college), unemployment allowances, homes, farms, and business loans. This bill led the growth of suburban neighborhoods! Home Front mobilization during the War…War Bonds and GI Bills

15. Home Front Mobilization during the War

16. Women’s Role during WWII • With millions of men in uniform, defense industries (factories who made products for the war) needed a new source of labor (work). • The government began a large-scale effort to recruit women for industry. • Millions of women took over jobs in factories and shipyards.

17. Complete Primary source questions on page 492-write the questions

18. Complete Primary source questions on page 501-write the questions

19. Minorities in the War • About 1 million African Americans in the war. • The military was segregated and Blacks were assigned to all black units that were usually commanded by white officers. • They were usually cooks or laborers and were not likely to be sent to combat.

20. Minorities in War • Nearly 350,000 Hispanic Americans served and served the same kinds of discrimination as African Americans • Japanese American soldiers fought loyally during the war in spite of the severe discrimination their families experienced back home in American cities • Native Americans also joined and were called the Navajo.

21. Complete Primary source questions on page 491-write the questions

22. U.S. Communities in Crisis during WWII • Many American families (all races) moved to many cities (from rural areas) to fill jobs of those who left for war. • Many cities were called boom towns because small towns grew into towns that had shadows of defense plants and shipyards. • An example of a boomtown in Michigan is Willow Run, Michigan. This is located 27 miles west of Detroit. • Communities, schools, housing, transportation, recreation facilities became overcrowded.

23. U.S. Communities in Crisis during WWII…. • The rapid movement of migrants into new regions and cities created social stress on those already living in the cities. • Midwesterners labeled the migrants from Arkansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Kentucky as “hillbillies and stereotyped them as poor and lazy.

24. 1943 Detroit Race Riot Racial Tensions explode in many areas. One of which was in Detroit. This was called the 1943 race riot of Detroit. Whites were killing blacks. Six thousand soldiers had to come to Detroit to control crowds and restore order. In 36 hours, 25 African Americans and 9 whites lost their lives and nearly 700 people were injured. Also, $2 million worth of property was destroyed. U.S. Communities in Crisis during WWII

25. Complete Primary source questions on page 503-write the questions

26. Mexican Americans during WW2 • Mexican Americans suffered discrimination before and during the war. • In LA, places of entertainment refused to serve Mexican and African Americans, except on certain days. • Most Mexican Americans grew up in segregated ghettos speaking no English. • Media associated them with sex crimes, knifings, gang violence, marijuana and racial inferiority.

27. Zoot Suit Riots Mexican Americans in Los Angelo's faced discrimination and prejudice. This prejudice led to the hate of Hispanic American teenagers, many of whom wore zoot suits. Zoot suits set Hispanic teenagers apart from the rest of the society. Many who wore zoot suits were underemployed teenagers Soldiers blamed zoot suitors for stabbing and robbing military personnel. Sailors cruised the streets of L.A. and beat up teenagers who wore zoot suit. U.S. Communities in Crisis during WWII

28. Complete Primary source questions on page 506-write the questions • Hollywood goes to War:

29. Treatment of Japanese living in America during WWII FDR signs Executive order 9066 and other legislation that gave the military the power to exclude people of Japanese descent from areas that were deemed important to US national defense and security. Japanese had to relocate to Internment Camps. Regardless of your social status (i.e. rich, poor, doctor, lawyer, business owner), you had to move from your home and lose your belongings……and move to an internment camp with other Japanese Americans. Americans discriminated against many Japanese Americans.

31. Complete Document based questions on page 505-write the questions

32. WW2 battles

33. Describe: Battle of Midway (p.496)

34. Describe the Battle of the Atlantic (p.498)

35. List the Important Battles of WW2 on page 509 –provide the detail with the name of the battle

36. List the Important Battles of WW2 on page 509 –provide the detail with the name of the battle

37. People in History: Navajo Code Talkers (p.514) • What advantage did the code talkers provide over traditionl forms of communication?

38. Complete question 1 and 2 on page 516 – write the question • The Battle for Omaha Beach

39. Dwight Eisenhower George Patton List the Significance of (14-4):

40. George Marshall Omar Bradley List the Significance of (14-4):

41. Douglass MacAthur List the Significance of (14-4):

42. WWII Ends 14-5

43. Overview • Fierce fighting in both Europe and the Pacific during 1945 led to the defeat of the Axis Powers. The allies began war crimes trails and set up a peacekeeping organization to prevent another global war. • The War in Europe ended in spring 1945 after major battles, as the Allies moved west toward Germany. • The United States decided to end the war with Japan by using napalm and atomic bombs. • The victorious Allies tried to create an organization to prevent future wars.

44. Complete question 1 and 2 on page 519 – write the question • The War ends in Europe

45. Importance of Battle of Bulge (518-519)

46. Importance of Battle of Iwo Jiwa (520)

47. Importance of Invasion of Okianawa (522)

48. Manhattan Project • In 1939, the Nazis were rumored to be developing an atomic bomb. The United States initiated its own program under the Army Corps of Engineers in June 1942. America needed to build an atomic weapon before Germany or Japan did. • The Scientist building are bomb came from German (voluntarily and involuntarily)

49. Bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasakiled to the end of WWII. On August 6, 1945, the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb, code name Little Boy, on the Japanese city of Hiroshima, in hopes that Japan would stop fighting (surrender) in the war. This atomic bomb killed 100,000 people instantly and another 100,000 died later from burns, radiation and other wounds. When Japan did not surrender, the U.S. dropped a second atomic bomb on the city of Nagasaki on August 9th (3 days later). *Code name of this bomb: Fat Man. Five days later (August 14th), the Japanese government surrendered and WWII was over.

50. The Effects of the Atomic Bomb in Horoshima