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MODE 4 OF THE GATS Taking Stock and Moving Forward

This symposium explores the growing reality of migration, highlighting the economic and social implications. It discusses the trends, challenges, and policy recommendations for managing global migration effectively.

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MODE 4 OF THE GATS Taking Stock and Moving Forward

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  1. MODE 4 OF THE GATSTaking Stock and Moving Forward G. Hultin Caden Corporation S.A. WTO Symposium, 22 September 2008

  2. Migration – a growing reality • More than 190 million international migrants • Growing 3% annually • 67 million – displaced by conflict • 250 million – estimated effect by global warming by 2050

  3. Traditional origins and destinations Worker migration: Source: OECD and UN Population Division statistics

  4. …but the situation may be changing Source: Manpower Inc. Borderless Workforce Survey, 2008

  5. Talent in demand in Asia as its labour moves to higher value • Annual employment creation • Industry abt. 12 million • Services abt. 28 million • Of service jobs • 9% in US, Europe • 73% in Asia Source: ILO, Imputation, Estimation and prediction using KILM Data Set

  6. Employers cannot find the skills to fill jobs

  7. …and increasingly turn to foreign talent Source: Manpower Inc. Borderless Workforce Survey, 2008

  8. The majority relocate for jobs of low to medium skills • 80% of labour migrants fill jobs of low to medium skill levels • Distance that individuals are willing to relocate for work • Anywhere in the world 37% • Within current country 20% • Within hours of current home 19% 16% 14% 23% 47% 53% 41% 7% 22% 12% 11% 24% 35% 27% 6% • 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 • million 3 2 1 million Source: OECD, Immigrant Populations in the 21st Century, 2008

  9. Self-improvement and career drive white collar worker • Top five reasons for white collar workers to relocate • Increased pay 82% • Career opportunity 74% • Better employment 73% • Culture/environment 51% • New language 47% Source: Manpower Inc., Relocation for Work Survey, 2008

  10. …while jobs and income motivate blue collar workers Economic growth People with low skills People with professional or technical skills security job opportunity life quality networks & affinity environment culture and social distance transporation cost distance journey stability professional develpment self-branding individual income Source: Manpower Inc., Latin American Mobility Study, 2007

  11. The economic case for migration Jobs go where people are People go where jobs are

  12. The policy case for migration • Stop trafficking of human beings • Third largest illegal industry in the world • 12.3 million people in forced labour or sexual servitude • Combat exploitation of migrant workers • Host and home country employment agents work to different standards • Violation of migrants’ fundamental worker rights • Lack of recourse or grievance procedures • Align policy with business needs • Coordination of employment process in host and home country • Simplified and shorter immigration procedures • Skill assessment and recognition, coming and going

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